Figure below shows a seawater-retaining gate with a curved portion. When the water level gets to a certain height, the fluid forces acting on the gate open it, and the seawater passes through. The gate is 1m wide (into the page) and is to be designed so that the water depth does not exceed 2m. Determine the length L of the straight portion of the gate required to do this. The density of seawater is 1030 kg/m³. Gate 1 m Hinge 2 m

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Fluid Materials

In general terms, anything that flows can be termed as a fluid. In other words, a fluid is any substance that cannot resist shear forces and deforms continuously under the application of external shear forces. Fluid materials differ completely from solid materials such as metals and alloys. For instance, if we consider two infinitesimally small cross-sectional areas of fluid materials and solid materials, and apply shear forces to these elements, both the elements will undergo deformation. Upon releasing the shear force, the element of the solid materials will regain its original orientation, but the element of the fluid materials will keep on deforming continuously under the action of the shear force.