feeling less happy with the greater prevalence of crime and resent having to "waste' more resources on additional policing in order to counter the crime wave. Conversely, when we cut back the size of the army, GDP falls since less is being spent on the military, but we are actually receiving less justification as a consequence. Think of all this as a health waming on GNP and GDP statistics. They measure what they should be to measure. Unless and until clectorates want to spend a lot more money collecting more comprehensive statistics, GNP and GDP will use data already being collected annually for other purposes such as taxation. (a) Explain why some final goods and services are not included in GDP. (b) Explain the reason that the value of intermediate goods produced and sold during the year is not included directly as a part of GDP, but the value of intermediate goods produced and not sold is included directly as a part of GDP.

Macroeconomics: Principles and Policy (MindTap Course List)
13th Edition
ISBN:9781305280601
Author:William J. Baumol, Alan S. Blinder
Publisher:William J. Baumol, Alan S. Blinder
Chapter8: Aggregate Demand And The Powerful Consumer
Section8.A: National Income Accounting
Problem 3TY
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Q2 When things are traded in a market, or embedded in government tax statistics, they are
relatively easy to measure. Many of our measurement difficulties arise precisely because
some of the most valuable things are not easily measurable. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
casily captures the output of washing machines, but not of happiness, health or
environmental depreciation. Since we do not buy and sell clean air or moderate
temperatures in a marketplace, governments are not automatically collecting statistics for
use in national accounts data.
People who visit France quickly leam that the French have a good quality of life, better than
you would expect simply by looking at their GDP. They enjoy a nice climate, long lunches,
access to Mediterranean beaches and little congestion since they have plenty of land in
relation to their population. They also retire at a relatively young age and, having long life
expectancy, spend plenty of happy years in retirement. Their GDP statistics are measuring
production of Renault and Peugeot, and of luxuries from Louis Vuitton and Hermès, but
omit plentiful leisure, lack of stress and little congestion.
Similarly, the output of the police, civil service and teachers in schools is not charged for
in the market and hence not automatically valued by the market. How do we measure the
output of the police?. Typically, national income statisticians measure the inputs (the age
bill of police forces, rent of police stations, the cost of using police cars and police
computers). This is a large step in the right direction, but it is far from perfect. If society
Transcribed Image Text:Q2 When things are traded in a market, or embedded in government tax statistics, they are relatively easy to measure. Many of our measurement difficulties arise precisely because some of the most valuable things are not easily measurable. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) casily captures the output of washing machines, but not of happiness, health or environmental depreciation. Since we do not buy and sell clean air or moderate temperatures in a marketplace, governments are not automatically collecting statistics for use in national accounts data. People who visit France quickly leam that the French have a good quality of life, better than you would expect simply by looking at their GDP. They enjoy a nice climate, long lunches, access to Mediterranean beaches and little congestion since they have plenty of land in relation to their population. They also retire at a relatively young age and, having long life expectancy, spend plenty of happy years in retirement. Their GDP statistics are measuring production of Renault and Peugeot, and of luxuries from Louis Vuitton and Hermès, but omit plentiful leisure, lack of stress and little congestion. Similarly, the output of the police, civil service and teachers in schools is not charged for in the market and hence not automatically valued by the market. How do we measure the output of the police?. Typically, national income statisticians measure the inputs (the age bill of police forces, rent of police stations, the cost of using police cars and police computers). This is a large step in the right direction, but it is far from perfect. If society
becomes more unlawful, we end up choosing to have more police to counter crime. So,
GDP rises because we are spending more on the police force. But in reality, people are
feeling less happy with the greater prevalence of crime and resent having to "waste' more
resources on additional policing in order to counter the crime wave.
Conversely, when we cut back the size of the army, GDP falls since less is being spent on
the military, but we are actually receiving less justification as a consequence. Think of all
this as a health warning on GNP and GDP statistics. They measure what they should be to
measure. Unless and until electorates want to spend a lot more money collecting more
comprehensive statistics, GNP and GDP will use data already being collected annually for
other purposes such as taxation.
(a)
Explain why some final goods and services are not included in GDP.
(b)
Explain the reason that the value of intermediate goods produced and sold during
the year is not included directly as a part of GDP, but the value of intermediate
goods produced and not sold is included directly as a part of GDP.
Transcribed Image Text:becomes more unlawful, we end up choosing to have more police to counter crime. So, GDP rises because we are spending more on the police force. But in reality, people are feeling less happy with the greater prevalence of crime and resent having to "waste' more resources on additional policing in order to counter the crime wave. Conversely, when we cut back the size of the army, GDP falls since less is being spent on the military, but we are actually receiving less justification as a consequence. Think of all this as a health warning on GNP and GDP statistics. They measure what they should be to measure. Unless and until electorates want to spend a lot more money collecting more comprehensive statistics, GNP and GDP will use data already being collected annually for other purposes such as taxation. (a) Explain why some final goods and services are not included in GDP. (b) Explain the reason that the value of intermediate goods produced and sold during the year is not included directly as a part of GDP, but the value of intermediate goods produced and not sold is included directly as a part of GDP.
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