F2+ ПР Op ПР F₂ ПО Op os Пр Пр F₂ Др Op G Ap

Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Please complete the molecular orbital diagram for each molecule and determine which has the shortest bond

The image contains three columns labeled \( \text{F}_2^+ \), \( \text{F}_2 \), and \( \text{F}_2^- \). Each column displays molecular orbital diagrams for different species of fluorine molecules, indicating the energy levels and types of orbitals.

### Column 1: \( \text{F}_2^+ \)
- Top to Bottom:
  - \( \sigma_{p}^* \)
  - \( \pi_{p}^* \) (degenerate orbitals)
  - \( \pi_{p} \) (degenerate orbitals)
  - \( \sigma_{p} \)
  - \( \sigma_{s}^* \)
  - \( \sigma_{s} \)

### Column 2: \( \text{F}_2 \)
- Top to Bottom:
  - \( \sigma_{p}^* \)
  - \( \pi_{p}^* \) (degenerate orbitals)
  - \( \pi_{p} \) (degenerate orbitals)
  - \( \sigma_{p} \)
  - \( \sigma_{s}^* \)
  - \( \sigma_{s} \)

### Column 3: \( \text{F}_2^- \)
- Top to Bottom:
  - \( \sigma_{p}^* \)
  - \( \pi_{p}^* \) (degenerate orbitals)
  - \( \pi_{p} \) (degenerate orbitals)
  - \( \sigma_{p} \)
  - \( \sigma_{s}^* \)
  - \( \sigma_{s} \)

### Explanation:
Each molecular orbital diagram shows the relative energy levels of molecular orbitals in fluorine species. The orbitals include bonding (\( \sigma \), \( \pi \)) and antibonding (\( \sigma^* \), \( \pi^* \)) types. The paired number of \( \pi \) orbitals are degenerate, meaning they have equal energy within the same category. These diagrams help in understanding the electron distribution and bond order in different charged states of the fluorine molecule.
Transcribed Image Text:The image contains three columns labeled \( \text{F}_2^+ \), \( \text{F}_2 \), and \( \text{F}_2^- \). Each column displays molecular orbital diagrams for different species of fluorine molecules, indicating the energy levels and types of orbitals. ### Column 1: \( \text{F}_2^+ \) - Top to Bottom: - \( \sigma_{p}^* \) - \( \pi_{p}^* \) (degenerate orbitals) - \( \pi_{p} \) (degenerate orbitals) - \( \sigma_{p} \) - \( \sigma_{s}^* \) - \( \sigma_{s} \) ### Column 2: \( \text{F}_2 \) - Top to Bottom: - \( \sigma_{p}^* \) - \( \pi_{p}^* \) (degenerate orbitals) - \( \pi_{p} \) (degenerate orbitals) - \( \sigma_{p} \) - \( \sigma_{s}^* \) - \( \sigma_{s} \) ### Column 3: \( \text{F}_2^- \) - Top to Bottom: - \( \sigma_{p}^* \) - \( \pi_{p}^* \) (degenerate orbitals) - \( \pi_{p} \) (degenerate orbitals) - \( \sigma_{p} \) - \( \sigma_{s}^* \) - \( \sigma_{s} \) ### Explanation: Each molecular orbital diagram shows the relative energy levels of molecular orbitals in fluorine species. The orbitals include bonding (\( \sigma \), \( \pi \)) and antibonding (\( \sigma^* \), \( \pi^* \)) types. The paired number of \( \pi \) orbitals are degenerate, meaning they have equal energy within the same category. These diagrams help in understanding the electron distribution and bond order in different charged states of the fluorine molecule.
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This question is from Chapter Chemical Bonding.

We are required to complete the Molecular Orbital Diagram of F2 , F2and F2and tell which has the shortest bond.

We know more the bond order, shorter is the bond length.

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