Gravitational force
In nature, every object is attracted by every other object. This phenomenon is called gravity. The force associated with gravity is called gravitational force. The gravitational force is the weakest force that exists in nature. The gravitational force is always attractive.
Acceleration Due to Gravity
In fundamental physics, gravity or gravitational force is the universal attractive force acting between all the matters that exist or exhibit. It is the weakest known force. Therefore no internal changes in an object occurs due to this force. On the other hand, it has control over the trajectories of bodies in the solar system and in the universe due to its vast scope and universal action. The free fall of objects on Earth and the motions of celestial bodies, according to Newton, are both determined by the same force. It was Newton who put forward that the moon is held by a strong attractive force exerted by the Earth which makes it revolve in a straight line. He was sure that this force is similar to the downward force which Earth exerts on all the objects on it.
In the figure, a tin of anti-oxidants (m1 = 4.7 kg) on a frictionless inclined surface is connected to a tin of corned beef (m2 = 2.4 kg). The pulley is massless and frictionless. An upward force of magnitude F = 6.4 N acts on the corned beef tin, which has a downward acceleration of 4.7 m/s2. What are (a) the tension in the connecting cord and (b) angle β?
![### Mechanics: Inclined Plane and Pulley System
**Diagram Explanation:**
In this diagram, we have a classic physics problem involving an inclined plane and a pulley system. The setup is as follows:
- **Mass \( m_1 \):** Represented by a solid block positioned on an inclined plane. This inclined plane makes an angle \( \beta \) with the horizontal.
- **Mass \( m_2 \):** Represented by another solid block hanging off the edge of the inclined plane. This block is connected to \( m_1 \) via a rope that runs over a frictionless pulley.
- **Pulley:** Positioned at the edge of the inclined plane where \( m_1 \) transitions to \( m_2 \). This pulley is assumed to be frictionless and massless for simplicity in calculations.
- **Force \( \vec{F} \):** An external force indicated by a blue arrow acting upward on \( m_2 \).
### Concepts Illustrated:
1. **Inclined Plane:** The inclined plane creates a component of gravitational force acting parallel to the surface of the plane, which impacts \( m_1 \).
2. **Pulley System:** The pulley changes the direction of the tension force in the rope connecting the two masses.
3. **Forces Acting on the System:**
- For \( m_1 \):
- Gravitational force (\( m_1 \cdot g \)), which can be resolved into two components: one perpendicular (\( m_1 \cdot g \cdot \cos(\beta) \)) and one parallel (\( m_1 \cdot g \cdot \sin(\beta) \)) to the plane.
- Normal force exerted by the inclined plane.
- Tension in the rope (\( T \)).
- For \( m_2 \):
- Gravitational force (\( m_2 \cdot g \)), acting downward.
- Tension in the rope (\( T \)), acting upward.
- Applied external force (\( \vec{F} \)), which also acts upward.
### Equations of Motion:
Using Newton's second law (\( F = ma \)), we can set up the equations for the system:
- For \( m_1 \):
\[ m_1 \cdot a = T - m_1 \cdot g \cdot \sin(\](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fcb0599ba-c56a-4c1b-9fb5-74b426c8a497%2F27665a23-634a-45ee-ac0a-9efe35e925ce%2Fdurjr1p.gif&w=3840&q=75)
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