Eyeglassomatic manufactures eyeglasses for different retailers. They test to see how many defective lenses they made in a time period. Table #4.2.2 gives the defect and the number of defects. Table #4.2.2: Number of Defective Lenses Defect type Number of defects Scratch 5865 Right shaped – small 4613 Flaked 1992 Wrong axis 1838 Chamfer wrong 1596 Crazing, cracks 1546 Wrong shape 1485 Wrong PD 1398 Spots and bubbles 1371 Wrong height 1130 Right shape – big 1105 Lost in lab 976 Spots/bubble – intern 976 Find the probability of picking a lens that is scratched or flaked. Find the probability of picking a lens that is the wrong PD or was lost in lab. Find the probability of picking a lens that is not scratched. Find the probability of picking a lens that is not the wrong shape.
Addition Rule of Probability
It simply refers to the likelihood of an event taking place whenever the occurrence of an event is uncertain. The probability of a single event can be calculated by dividing the number of successful trials of that event by the total number of trials.
Expected Value
When a large number of trials are performed for any random variable ‘X’, the predicted result is most likely the mean of all the outcomes for the random variable and it is known as expected value also known as expectation. The expected value, also known as the expectation, is denoted by: E(X).
Probability Distributions
Understanding probability is necessary to know the probability distributions. In statistics, probability is how the uncertainty of an event is measured. This event can be anything. The most common examples include tossing a coin, rolling a die, or choosing a card. Each of these events has multiple possibilities. Every such possibility is measured with the help of probability. To be more precise, the probability is used for calculating the occurrence of events that may or may not happen. Probability does not give sure results. Unless the probability of any event is 1, the different outcomes may or may not happen in real life, regardless of how less or how more their probability is.
Basic Probability
The simple definition of probability it is a chance of the occurrence of an event. It is defined in numerical form and the probability value is between 0 to 1. The probability value 0 indicates that there is no chance of that event occurring and the probability value 1 indicates that the event will occur. Sum of the probability value must be 1. The probability value is never a negative number. If it happens, then recheck the calculation.
Eyeglassomatic manufactures eyeglasses for different retailers. They test to see how many defective lenses they made in a time period. Table #4.2.2 gives the defect and the number of defects.
Table #4.2.2: Number of Defective Lenses
|
Defect type |
Number of defects |
|
Scratch |
5865 |
|
Right shaped – small |
4613 |
|
Flaked |
1992 |
|
Wrong axis |
1838 |
|
Chamfer wrong |
1596 |
|
Crazing, cracks |
1546 |
|
Wrong shape |
1485 |
|
Wrong PD |
1398 |
|
Spots and bubbles |
1371 |
|
Wrong height |
1130 |
|
Right shape – big |
1105 |
|
Lost in lab |
976 |
|
Spots/bubble – intern |
976 |
- Find the
probability of picking a lens that is scratched or flaked. - Find the probability of picking a lens that is the wrong PD or was lost in lab.
- Find the probability of picking a lens that is not scratched.
- Find the probability of picking a lens that is not the wrong shape.
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