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Explain which type of melting (addition of volatiles, decompression, heat transfer) is responsible for mafic magmas in each of the following tectonic settings and why the resulting magma is mafic. (a) Mid-ocean ridges (b) Continental rifts (c) Oceanic and continental volcanic arcs

Explain which type of melting (addition of volatiles, decompression, heat transfer) is responsible for mafic magmas in each of the following tectonic settings and why the resulting magma is mafic. (a) Mid-ocean ridges (b) Continental rifts (c) Oceanic and continental volcanic arcs

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
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5.5.3 Tectonic Settings of Intermediate Rocks (Andesite and Diorite) In the mid-twentieth century, geologists were puzzled by the fact that nearly all andesites occur next to trenches in continental arcs and in some oceanic island arcs. Today we understand that most intermediate magmas are produced at subduction zones by the mixing of magmas produced during subduction with rocks of the overlying plate. dus a svoh n n ed 5.5.4 Tectonic Settings of Felsic Rocks (Granite and Rhyolite) Hema la Granite and rhyolite are most abundant on the continents-in continental volca- nic arcs, continent-continent collision zones, rifts, and where plumes rise beneath continents. They form largely by partial melting of the upper (granitic) layer of continental lithosphere and to a lesser extent by differentiation of mafic magmas. Some rhyolite and granite form in subduction zones by differentiation of mafic and intermediate magmas and/or by assimilation. Only very small amounts of rhyolite form in oceanic hot-spot islands by extreme fractional crystallization. EXERCISE 5.10 Origin of Mafic Magmas in Different Tectonic Settings Name: Section: Course: Date: Explain which type of melting (addition of volatiles, decompression, heat transfer) is responsible for mafic magmas in each of the following tectonic settings and why the resulting magma is mafic. (a) Mid-ocean ridges (b) Continental rifts (c) Oceanic and continental volcanic arcs (d) Hot spots 5.5 IGNEOUS ROCKS AND PLATE TECTONICS 125
Transcribed Image Text:5.5.3 Tectonic Settings of Intermediate Rocks (Andesite and Diorite) In the mid-twentieth century, geologists were puzzled by the fact that nearly all andesites occur next to trenches in continental arcs and in some oceanic island arcs. Today we understand that most intermediate magmas are produced at subduction zones by the mixing of magmas produced during subduction with rocks of the overlying plate. dus a svoh n n ed 5.5.4 Tectonic Settings of Felsic Rocks (Granite and Rhyolite) Hema la Granite and rhyolite are most abundant on the continents-in continental volca- nic arcs, continent-continent collision zones, rifts, and where plumes rise beneath continents. They form largely by partial melting of the upper (granitic) layer of continental lithosphere and to a lesser extent by differentiation of mafic magmas. Some rhyolite and granite form in subduction zones by differentiation of mafic and intermediate magmas and/or by assimilation. Only very small amounts of rhyolite form in oceanic hot-spot islands by extreme fractional crystallization. EXERCISE 5.10 Origin of Mafic Magmas in Different Tectonic Settings Name: Section: Course: Date: Explain which type of melting (addition of volatiles, decompression, heat transfer) is responsible for mafic magmas in each of the following tectonic settings and why the resulting magma is mafic. (a) Mid-ocean ridges (b) Continental rifts (c) Oceanic and continental volcanic arcs (d) Hot spots 5.5 IGNEOUS ROCKS AND PLATE TECTONICS 125
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