Explain the Lee's disc method of measuring the thermal conductivity of a bad conductor with necessary sketches. Explain the following special cases of first law of thermodynamics with neat sketches. (1) Adiabatic processes (ii) Constant volume processes
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- Pressure is applied isothermally to a container that holds a liquid. Assuming the liquid is compressible, what has happened to the entropy? The entropy has decreased because the applied pressure results in the particles being less free to move, making their positions more predictable. The entropy has increased because the applied pressure results in heat being transferred from the environment to the system. The entropy has increased because the particles move more rapidly at higher pressure, making their velocities less predictable. None of the above.Problem 1: Describe a situation in which the entropy of a container of gas is constant. In other words, come up with your own problem where the answer is that AS = 0.The difference AS=S,- S,between the entropies of two states A and B of a system can be calculated as the integral fdQ/T, counting that: B a. A and B are in the same adiabatic b. A and B are at the same temperature c. The integral is calculated over a reversible path d.The system is thermally insulated e. Friction in the process is disregarded
- By considering the number of accessible states for an ideal two-dimensional gas made up of N adsorbed molecules on a surface of area A, obtain an expression for the entropy of a system of this kind. Use the entropy expression to obtain the equation of state in terms of N, A, and the force per unit length F. What is the specific heat of the two-dimensional gas at constant area?Polymers, like rubber, are made of very long molecules, usually tangled up in a configuration that has lots of entropy. As a very crude model of a rubber band, consider a chain of N links, each of length L Imagine that each link has only two possible states, pointing either left or right. The total length L of the rubber band is the net displacement from the beginning of the first link to the end of the last link. Using the thermodynamic identity, you can now express the tension force F in terms of a partial derivative of the entropy. From this expression, compute the tension in terms of L, T , N, and l.Find the work for a system where temperature (T) is constant. (This is called an isothermal process) W = P(V₂ - Vf) W = 0 (V) W = P(V₁ - V₂) W = PV W = - PV) W = -nRT W = nRT W = nRT In W n(V) = nRT In