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QUESTION 3: Explain the flow of water through the water vascular system of the starfish.
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- Discuss the contrasting osmotic problems faced by freshwater and marine teleost fish, and the mechanism by which these fish address these problems in order to remain in osmotic balance.Compare the osmotic problem and the mechanism of osmotic regula-tion in freshwater and marine bony fishes.In the aquatic world, osmoregulation is very important. Please describe what would happen at the cellular level as well as organismal level to a freshwater fish that is placed in salt water.
- QUESTION 4 1. In ancestral fish, most of the force for locomotion came from the Pelvic fins Axial muscles Pectoral fins Dorsal fin Cranial regionWhat are the osmotic challenges faced by marine animals like fish? Describe how they cope with these challenges to maintain solute and water balance in their tissues.Explain how the cycling of sodium chloride between the descending and ascending limbs of the loop of Henle in the mammalian kidney, and special permeability of these tubules, produces high osmotic concentrations in interstitial fluids in the kidney medulla. Explain the role of urea in producing high osmotic concentrations in the intersti-tial fluid of the medulla.