Answered: Explain the factors contributing to…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Explain the factors contributing to pathogenicity and virulence of microbes.

Expert Solution

Step 1

Not all microbes are pathogenic, only the microbes having the potential to cause disease is known as pathogenic microbe. A Virulent microbe can cause severe damage to a host. The ability of a pathogenic microbe to cause disease is based on its virulence factors.

Step 2

The factors causing the Pathogenicity and virulence of microbes are as follows;

Adherence Factors-Certain microbes consist of a special structure knows as pilli .with the help of the pilli microbes can attach to a host cell to invade the genetic material inside a cell.
Invasion Factors-After attachment to the host cell the genetic material can be invaded which will be incorporated to host the chromosome.
The presence of Capsules-opsonization and phagocytosis are the processes by which microbes can be immunologically destroyed. But if a capsule is present surrounding microbes resistant to the above two processes.
Endotoxins and Exotoxins-lipopolysaccharide endotoxin cause fever and induces other toxic events.
Siderophores- This is a factor by which microbes get potency to compete with the host iron.

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