Explain nondisjunction in genetics

Q: Define nondisjunction and explain how it results in an atypical number of chromosomes.

A: The body of human beings is composed of trillions of cells. The cells possess the tendency to divide…

Q: What is recombinant fraction and genetic distance and their major differences

A: Chromosomes have a number of linked genes. These genes are different and code different proteins and…

Q: describe adjacent-1 segregation pattern,

A: In translocation heterozygote, there three types of segregation pattern of chromosomes seen named-…

Q: Explain how recombination can lead to new alleles. Be specific.

A: Recombination occurs in the prophase-l of meiosis-l. It is a molecular event by which the segments…

Q: Explain why conditional alleles are important when we want to study lethal mutations.

A: A type of mutation in which the effects can result in the death or reduce significantly the expected…

Q: Describe how DNA mutations can create new alleles at random.

A: DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid can be defined as the molecule which contains the genetic code of…

Q: Gene dosage is important for a number of genetic phenomenon. Name two and explain their relationship…

A: The gene dosage is a concept in which the synthesis and concentration of the primary gene product is…

Q: Describe how the following contributes to genetic diversity: Recombination, Independent assortment

A: In genetics the recombination and independent assortment both are responsible for making genetic…

Q: 8. Both alleles are expressed equally in the genotype of the offspring. 9. A third phenotype appears…

A: The patterns of inheritance is discovered and described by Gregor Mendal (1856-1863). He proposed…

Q: Construct a map showing the distant and order of all genes (a-e)

A:

Q: In your own words, explain the laws of segregation and independent assortment from a molecular…

A: Law of segregation states that each individual possess two factors for a particular character and…

Q: Explain genetic equilibrium, and list the conditions necessary forit to occur

A: Genetic equilibrium is the state of an allele or genotype in a genetic supply (like a populace)…

Q: how mispairing of homologous chromosomes could have led to the formation of a gene that codes for a…

A: *Unequal crossing over occurs when loci is similar in sequence will undergo homologous recombination…

Q: Why is random assortment of chromosomes necessary? What can we expect if this does not occur?

A: When reproductive cells mature, the Principle of Independent Assortment outlines how various genes…

Q: Considering a pair ofhomologous chromosomescontaining a gene having twodifferent alleles how…

A: Chromosomes are carrier of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA is the genetic material. Each species…

Q: Discuss the potential evolutionary advantages of havingmultiple alleles for a trait.

A: multiple alleles- they are the different form of a gene present in an environment

Q: Explain why recombination events do not always result in crossing-over.

A: Genetics is the branch of biology which deals with genes, heredity, and genome in the organism.…

Q: The karyotype consists of the number and structure of the chromosomes.How do changes in the…

A: A karyotype is the complete set of chromosomes of an individual which helps in identifying…

Q: Use the concepts of chapters, letters, a whole library, words, andbooks to make an analogy that fits…

A: The genes are the components of the genome that direct specific functions in the cell. Their…

Q: determine the coefficient of coincidence and the interference among these genes

A: The coefficient of coincidence is calculated by dividing the actual frequency of double recombinants…

Q: Apply the chi-square test to determine if two genes are linked

A: The sex influenced traits to refer to a pair of alleles that are found in autosomal chromosomes and…

Q: describe adjacent-2 segregation pattern,

A: During meiosis in translocation heterozygotes, chromosomal aggregation occurs in different patterns.…

Q: How linkage and crossing over is inter related explain with suitable example

A: Genetic linkage is defined as the tendency of genes to stay together in a chromosome and are called…

Q: A couple enters your genetic counseling clinic for some family planning advice. The woman’s father…

A: Pedigree is the theoretical study of the inheritance patterns of a particular trait in a family. It…

Q: With a named example of each, explain the difference between a mutation and a polymorphism.

A: The term "Mutation" refers to a biological, sudden, and random change in the nucleic acid sequence…

Q: Suppose that you are at a party on Friday night, relaxing after your big genetics exam. Someone…

A: The branch of biology which deals with a detailed study of all aspects of gene, heredity and the…

Q: Describe how recombination can lead to new alleles. Be specific.

A: A gene is present in different forms that are expressed in a phenotype; allele is a one of the…

Q: Why would a researcher be interested in over- or misexpression phenotypes?

A: Examples of phenotypes include height, wing length, and hair color. Gene expression is the most…

Q: Who was Gregor Mendel? Describe the plant that he performed his research with and explain at least…

A: Gregor Johann Mendel was a meteorologist, mathematician, biologist, Augustinian friar and abbot of…

Q: how geneticists can exploit the existence of rearrangements as tools in genetics research?

A: Chromosomal rearrangement is most of the studied phenomenon in the field of genetics. This process…

Q: Compare the following three terms: polyploidy, aneuploidy, and nondisjunction. Briefly discuss…

A: Ploidy is basically the number of sets of homologous chromosomes of a cell or an organism. The cell…

Q: Which of the following best describes the concept of independent assortment? Group of answer choices…

A: During the cell division process the chromosomes of mother cell are distributed into the daughter…

Q: Describe five different scenarios where a change in DNA sequence would result in a phenotypic change…

A: We need to know the conditions in which a change in DNA sequence results in an organismal (human)…

Q: In one sentence, explain how the terms “gene,” “locus,” and “chromosome” are related.

A: Introduction  Genes are the main regulatory sequence of nucleotides found in the nucleus which…

Q: Explain how databases that catalog sequence variationin many people can facilitate the diagnosis of…

A: A whole-exome or whole-genome sequence of a patient should include the sequence differences…

Q: Give a detailed conclusion on variation

A: A gene is a sequence of nucleotides in genome that codes for a functioning molecule.

Q: Explain the difference between the terms 'penetrance' and 'expressivity' and explain which term is…

A: Penetrance and expressivity have been defined through clinical experience. Although penetrance is…

Q: Define the terms allele, chromosome, and gene and explain how they relate to one another. Develop an…

A: To recap: the terms allele, chromosome, and gene, as well as their relationships. Describe the…

Q: What is Dosage compensation as it relates to sex chromosomes

A: Dosage compensation explains why males and females have similar levels of gene expression despite…

Q: Explain what linkage is, why linked genes do not assort independently, and state what must happen…

A: Gene is defined as the sequence of nucleotides that encode a protein. The linkage term was given by…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.