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- Explain the similarities and differences between the assumptions of Specific Factor Theory and the Model Trading Heckscher – Ohlinwage (S/worker) Labor Supply 150 125 100 75 Labor Demand 50 25 25 50 75 100 125 150 labor (ths. workers/day)In a purely competitive labor market (a), market labor supply S and market labor demand D determine the equilibrium wage rate Wc and the equilibrium number of workers Qc . Each individual competitive firm (b) takes this competitive wage Wc as given. Thus, the individual firm’s labor supply curve s = MRC is perfectly elastic at the going wage Wc . Its labor demand curve, d, is its MRP curve (here labeled mrp). The firm maximizes its profit by hiring workers up to where MRP = MRC. Area 0abc represents both the firm’s total revenue and its total cost. The green area is its total wage cost; the blue area is its nonlabor costs, including a normal profit—that is, the firm’s payments to the suppliers of land, capital, and entrepreneurship. This firm’s labor demand curve d in graph (b) slopes downward because: a. the law of diminishing marginal utility applies. b. the law of diminishing returns applies. c. the firm must lower its price to sell additional units of its product. d. the firm is a…
- Four (TYPE I) firms sell Product X in competitive markets at a price of 10. They each operate with the production function: x = 100L – L². Another firm with monopoly power (TYPE II) sells faces demand curve P = 160 – Y and has production function Y = 5L. All five firms hire as wage-takers in the same market where labour supply is w = 2L. Illustrate and quantify the equilibrium wage and the number of workers hired by each firm. а. Solve for the equilibrium wage and employment by each firm. b. Provide a 3-panel diagram. 6.The local community contains many residents with PhDs who would like to teach as adjunct professors at the local university, which is the main employer of people with PhDs. The university’s demand curve or marginal value curve for adjunct professors is written: W = 12,000 – 15Q, where W refers to the employer’s willingness to pay for an adjunct professor to teach one course. Because the university faces the entire market supply curve for adjunct professors, the supply curve is upward sloping as hiring each additional adjunct requires offering a higher wage for all who are hired. The assumption that everyone is paid the same salary as required by the marginal worker leads to the university’s marginal expenditures rising faster than the supply curve. The average expenditure curve (or supply curve) for teachers is written as: W = 4,200 + 25Q. But assuming that hiring an additional teacher involves increasing the wage for all of the teachers hired, the marginal expenditures for…True or false The single most important element in managerial economics is the microeconomic theory of the firm.
- Explain why child labour could actually be pareto-optimal.The equilibrium wage rate in an industry is determined by a) whether workers or management are better at negotiating. b) finding where the market supply curve indicates that the substitution effect and income effect of a wage increase are offsetting. c) the strength of the substitution effect relative to the elasticity of demand for labor. d) the intersection of the market demand curve for labor and the market supply curve for labor.Economics 4. Assume men and women are perfect substitutes. Across employers there is a distribution of the discrimination coefficient against women of -0.2 to 0.5. In a graph with female employment on the x-axis and the gender wage ratio on the y-axis answer the following. a. What would be the "y-intercept" of the Demand curve? b. Assume female labor supply is perfectly inelastic. Show on this graph equilibrium where women and men are paid equally. c. A bizarre disease starts leading to more women being born then men. How will this eventually affect the gender wage gap if there are no simultaneous demand shocks?
- Consider a Sraffa system that describes production with a surplus. Assume that the whole of the wage is variable. The number of commodities in the system is ?. Some are non-basic commodities. . State the economic meaning of the viability condition and express it mathematically. . Assume that the viability condition is satisfied and the rate of profit is given exogenously at a level that is lower than the maximum rate of profit. Explain, with the help of the relevant theorem, why the solution for prices must be nonnegative. NOTE: You need to use only three equations, one for specifying the numeraire, the second for expressing the final solution of the price equations, and third for expressing the condition for nonnegative prices.Marginalist theory of value advanced the view that a commodity's value Multiple Choice is whatever each consumer perceives it to be in a given context is a derivative of its labor costs must be determined by a central authority to prevent gouging and other exploitation is best determined by regulators who can calculate the marginal utility of the commodityA lawyer has two clients. She charges a yearly retainer plus a separate fee for each consultation. The retainer is a fee each client pays just to secure the services of the lawyer for the following year, and the consultation fee is the price the lawyer charges to do one legal job for the client. The clients' annual demand curves for legal jobs are Client 1: Q, -21-P Client 2: Q₂-17-2P where P is the consultation fee in thousands of dollars for one legal job and Q, is the number of legal jobs done for client/ The lawyer's marginal cost for completing one legal job is 2.6 (also in thousands of dollars). The lawyer wants to determine the fee schedule (retainer and consultation fee) that will maximize her profe. She feels she cannot use a different fee schedule for each client, so she must set one retainer and one consultation fee that apply to both clients. She should charge a consultation fee of $thousand per legal job. (Enter your response rounded to two decimal places) She should…