Explain how information is communicated between neurons, and distinguish between excitatory and inhibitory messages.
Explain how information is communicated between neurons, and distinguish between excitatory and inhibitory messages.
communication between neurons occurs with electric transmission and chemical transmission. the signal or message transmitted within the neurons and also transmission occurred between the neurons synaptic cleft and dendrites. before understanding the transmission first let's understand the different parts of neurons. Neurons is made up of different part and all of them serving particular action to transmit the message.
neurons consist of
1. Dendrites
2. Cell body
3. Axon
5. Synaptic cleft
It also has other supportive materials like myelin sheath and glial cells.
When information comes from the other neurons signals are transferred through chemical transmission. dendrites take that information and move towards the axon hillock. after gathering achieving threshold information further moves towards the axon. where transmission occurs through electrical events. Axon possesses different positive and negative charges inside and outside of the axon environment. when a spike occurs there is a change in environment which help to move the signal towards the axon terminal. This process of excitation is called an Action potential. where NA+ AND K- potential change after achieving threshold. which moves the electric signal.
After reaching information towards the axon terminal or terminal buttons. That electrical potential helps to release chemical transmission which resides in the synaptic cleft. here chemical is called a neurotransmitter which is then released between the gape and attached to the successive dendrites of the neurons. For instant, we take neuron A and neuron B where information passes through them via synaptic cleft. the synaptic cleft is a gap between two neurons. here chemical substances or neurotransmitter is released by neuron A in the synaptic cleft. this neurotransmitter again attaches to the specific receptor of the dendrites of Neuron B. and from there it will decide that if this information will pass or will stop there which is depends on the nature of the neurotransmitter. Which is referred to as excitatory or inhibition of message.
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