explain how calvin cycle eznymes are indirectly activated by light
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explain how calvin cycle eznymes are indirectly activated by light
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- What special adaptation has evolved in CAM plants such as cacti and stonecrops that allows CO2 fixation and the Calvin cycle to occur in the same cell, but still occur separately? Briefly describe how this separation of events works.Which of the following lists the stages of the Calvin cycle in order, starting with the stage where carbon dioxide is added? PGAL synthesis → carbon fixation → light reactions → regeneration of RuBP carbon fixation → PGAL synthesis → regeneration of RuBP regeneration of RuBP → carbon fixation → PGAL synthesis photorespiration → PGAL synthesis → regeneration of RuBP → carbon fixationDuring what stage of the Calvin cycle are hexose sugars formed? stage 4 stage 1 stage 5 stage 2 stage 3
- Explain light dependent and independent phases of the photosynthesisPlants have evolved by developing mechanisms that promote entry of CO, into the Calvin Cycle (CC) to limit photorespiration when environmental conditions tend to favor the latter. This is because photorespiration 1) is energetically inefficient (consuming more ATP than the CC alone) and 2) it does not produce any sugars that can be "fed" into cellular respiration to produce lots more ATP. A) Under what environmental conditions does photorespiration "outcompete" that of the CC? Specifically, what mechanism is responsible for committing the cell to photorespiration and what type of plant does not have any "safeguards" to ensure that the CC is performed rather than photorespiration? B) Describe the mechanisms employed by two types of plants to minimize photorespiration and ensure that the CC is carried out even when environmental conditions are not in their favor. Be sure to identify 1) the type of plant, 2) its natural environment and how it affects the plant's ability to perform the CC,…Which of the following statements about the light reactions of photosynthesis are correct? 1. Absorption of light does one thing: it makes chlorophyll easier to oxidize. 2. In PSII, the rate of damage to the D1 protein can never exceeds the rate of repair. 3. Electron transport is spontaneous (exergonic) as electrons move from P680* to P700+. 4. Compared to anoxygenic photosynthesis, in oxygenic photosynthesis less light needs to be absorbed to reduce NADP+. A. 1,2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1,2,3 and 4 are correct
- Which of the following scenarios happens during the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis? Oxygen gas is produced in the thylakoid lumen by the oxidation of water by photosystem I. Ferrodoxin and NADP+ reductase participates in the reduction of NADP+ to NADPH. Carbon dioxide enters the plants via stomata. Rubisco attaches three molecules of ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) to one molecule of carbon dioxide.Diagram 41 The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis STROMA Poteyte Potayate mples HAD Light HLARO ACE (high ir Carto Thylakold membrane ATP ynthase STROMA ow N concentration) ADP Diagram 4 shows a single thylakoid membrane taken from a chloroplast inside of a leaf cell. The events of the light dependent cycle that take place along the thylakoid membrane are shown. Identify an energy transfer that takes place n Diagram 4. Light energy is directly transferred into the chemical bonds of sugar. O Light energy is directly transferred into the chemical bonds of ATP The energy of the bonds of water are transferred into the chemical bonds of ATP. The energy from an excited electron is transferred into the chemical bonds of NADPH.What is the carbon-fixing enzyme of the Calvin-Benson cycle? Chlorophyll a Stroma Rubisco ATP synthase
