Explain and show the synthesis of Losartan and the lead compound of Losartan? Please answer at your own words.
Answer -
Losartan is metabolized by the liver via the cytochrome P450 system, predominantly by CYP 2C9 and 3A4
Losartan is a non-peptide antagonist with antihypertensive activity. Upon administration, losartan and its active metabolite selectively and competitively blocks the binding of angiotension2 to the angiotensin I (AT1) receptor.
This blocks the vasoconstricting and aldosterone -secreting actions of angiotension 2, leading to a decrease in blood pressure. Angiotension , formed from angiotensin I by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), stimulates the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete aldosterone which decreases the excretion of sodium and increases the excretion of potassium . Angiotension -2 also acts as a vasoconstrictor in vascular smooth muscle
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