Excited chlorophyll Electron Proton gradient formed for ATP carrier synthesis Excited NADP chlorophyll Electron e reductase carrier (NADPH NADP+ Reaction- center Proton pump Electron chlorophyll carrier Reaction- Radiant center chlorophyll energy Water-splitting Radiant enzyme 2 (H20 energy 4 H+ + 0, Photosystem I Proton pump Photosystem I NADP reductase O FIGURE 6.26 The Tandem Photosystems of Cyanobacteria and Chloroplasts Radiant energy captured by antennae pigments excites a reaction-center chlorophyll, causing it to emit a high-energy electron, which is then passed to an electron transport chain. In cyclic photophosphorylation, electrons emitted by photosystem I are returned to that photosystem; the path of the electrons is shown in green arrows. In non-cyclic photophosphorylation, the electrons used to replenish photosystem I are donated by radiant energy-excited photosystem Il; the path of these electrons is shown in orange arrows. In turn, photosystem Il replenishes its own electrons by stripping them from water, producing O2. Energy of electrons

Q: Describe how guard cells regulate transpiration .

A: This is the process of transpiration. Cooling the plant and pumping water and minerals to the leaves…

Q: What is the benefit of Photorespiration in plants and what problem does it pose in many plants?

A: The photorespiration is the process of plant metabolism in which the enzyme Ribulose- 1,…

Q: Why does Photosytem II comes first before Photosystem I?

A: Photosystems are structural and functional elements of protein complexes involved in an important…

Q: How does darker color affect dissolved oxygen through the process of photosynthesis?

A: Dissolved oxygen is the free oxygen present in the water or other liquids, it helps in accessing…

Q: Identify and describe the similarities and differences between oxidative phosphorylation and…

A: Phosphorylation is the process in which there is addition of phosphate with an organic compound.For…

Q: How does photorespiration counter photosynthesis?

A: Photorespiration is defined as the process by which, in higher plants, Ribulose Bisphosphate is…

Q: Describe how a C4 plant minimizes photorespiration.

A: Plants are the autotrophic organisms. They can perform photosynthesis to fix the inorganic carbon…

Q: Which pigments provide the maximum efficiency for a plant as itconducts photosynthesis?

A: Autotrophs are organisms which can synthesise their own food via photosynthesis. For example:…

Q: What would be the effect on plants if photorespiration did not exist?

A: Photorespiration is a process taking place in plants in which some of the energy produced by the…

Q: If a mutation occurs such that photosystem II no longer functions as efficiently as it should, which…

A: Introduction: The pigment system, electron transport proteins, and ATP synthases are all present in…

Q: What processes occur during the Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

A: Photosynthesis is the process of fixation of atmospheric carbon dioxide using chlorophyll molecule…

Q: Where do the light-dependent reactions take place?

A: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plant make their own food in the presence of light.

Q: What are the various sources of protons that contribute to the generation of a proton gradient in…

A: The electron transport chain helps in the production of a proton gradient which is helpful in ATP…

Q: What is the process when plants taking in carbon dioxide

A: Plants take in carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) from the air and soil during photosynthesis.…

Q: What is the purpose of the non-cyclic photophosphorylation? To generate NADPH for the…

A: The photophosphorylation that occurs in the grana of thylakoids in a non cyclic manner in which both…

Q: How does photosystem I reduce NADP+ ?

A: The photosystem is the arrangement of pigments including chlorophyll within thylakoids. There are…

Q: In cyclic photophosphorylation, an electron in P700 is excited by a photon and begins to taking the…

A: The light reaction of photosynthesis involves production of ATP and NADPH by using sunlight. In this…

Q: What is a photosystem? Please explain in 1-3 sentences only

A: Photosynthesis is the process in which the green plants prepare their own food by utilizing the raw…

Q: Which of the following is not involved in cyclic cyclic photophosphorylation?   Group of answer…

A: During photosynthesis the photoexcited electron that is energized by light passes from the primary…

Q: Of all the photosynthetic pigments, which absorbs the most sunlight and at which wavelengths(s) of…

A: Photosynthetic pigments are substances that have an ability to absorb light at specific wavelengths.…

Q: Explain how C4 and CAM plants minimize photorespiration.

A: Photosynthesis is the process by which Green plants and organisms carbon dioxide and sunlight to…

Q: does the process of photorespiration waste atp

A: Photorespiration is defined as a respiratory process in higher plants by which they will consume…

Q: Which of the following is TRUE about CAM photosynthetic pathway? Compared to the C3 and C4 pathways,…

A: * CAM photosynthetic pathway also called  Crassulacean acid metabolism photosynthetic pathway. *CAM…

Q: In detail describe cyclic and non cyclic photophosphorylation, include all the steps

A: Photosynthesis is a metabolic process in which glucose and oxygen is synthesised from the…

Q: Explain how redox balance is maintained during the light reactions

A: Photosynthesis is a biochemical process by which plants and certain bacteria, and lower organisms…

Q: what Are photosystems enzymes?

A: Photosynthesis is a complex process by which carbon dioxide and water are converted into…

Q: hat is the input and output of the light independent (Calvin cycle) stage? Can the plant also…

A: The process through which plants and a few other organisms use sunlight to synthesize carbohydrate…

Q: What is ADP phosphorylation? What respectively are photophosphorylation and oxidative…

A: Introduction - The addition of phosphate to an organic substance is known as phosphorylation.…

Q: What conditions maximize photorespiration?

A: Photorespiration is the process that occurs in C3 plants under certain conditions in which instead…

Q: Where does carbon dioxide fixation take place in a chloroplast with reference to the…

A: The chloroplast is the cell organelle that is found mostly in plants and cyanobacteria. It consists…

Q: Which of the following is not involved in cyclic cyclic photophosphorylation? cytochrome bf complex…

A: Cyclic cyclic photo phosphorylation occurs in thylakoid membrane where the conversion of ADP to ATP…