EXAMPLE 6.4 A concrete beam having a rectangular section 100 mm wide and 300 mm deep is prestressed by a parabolic cable carrying an initial force of 240 kN. The cable has an eccentricity of 50 mm at the centre of span and is concentric at the supports. If the span of the beam is 10 m and the live load is 2 kN/m, estimate the short time deflection at the centre of span. Assuming E= 38 kN/mm² and creep coefficient = 2.0, loss of prestress = 20 per cent of the initial stress after 6 months. Estimate the long time deflection at the centre of span at this stage, assuming that the dead and live loads are simultaneously applied after the release of prestress.

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Methods to Determine Vertical Stress

The load applied to the soil is transferred to the underground. The presence of water at soil pores and solid grains above the soil are the primary components that are responsible for the effective load transfer. Due to the load acting, the internal component of the soil or the underground formations undergoes deformations or a tectonic shift. The amount of deformation depends upon the amount of load acting on the soil surface, which indeed, depends on the weight of everything present above the soil. Due to this, the underground soil element develops internal stresses which try to resist the tectonic changes.