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![Let us consider that there are two stations
namely as X and Y. Station X uses 64-byte
packet to transmit message to station Y using
sliding window protocol The propagation delay
between X and Y is 25 milliseconds and the
bottleneck bandwidth on the path between A
and B is 256 kbps. What is the optimal window
size of X?](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F10531020-7638-4ab9-ab38-70e142f48ae6%2Ff32afc03-966e-4d3d-81a2-4835a9a55c45%2Fipipkwj_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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- In a network, two systems are connected and the distance between the system is 5000 km. The propagation speed of the medium is 2 x 107 m/s. The bandwidth of the network is 500 MBps. If the average packet size is 108 bits and the network is used to its full capacity. The minimum size of the sequence number field is n bits. The processing delay at nodes is 0 ms. What is the value of n in case of Go-Back-N sliding window protocol?We have a 1000 m long 10 Mbps communication channel with ARQ protocol. The signal travels at a speed of 2 ∗ 10 ^ 8 ? / ?Assume that no frame is lost or damaged. Confirmation frames, control information are negligible in size.For what range of frame sizes do we get an efficiency of at least 70%?A TCP connection is established through 10 wireless hops in an acoustic underwater ad hoc network. Assume that each hop is 100 meter in the average, acoustic signals travel 1500 meter per second, 10 kilobit data can be sent per second over a link, the source node has one megabyte of data to send, the receiver window size is 64 kilobytes, the maximum segment size is 1 kilobyte and the average processing delay for routing at each node is one millisecond. Assume also that the following segments do not reach the destination: 67, 112, 137. What would be the average utilization of the links for this connection if there is not another communications through them? Explain an alternative approach to increase the bandwidth utilization?
- Consider a network with a data rate of 10 Mbps. Messages sent on this network have a maximum size of 1000 bits, including a 16-bit control field. What is the number of messages required to send a file F of 4 Mbits from one station to another? Assuming that a station cannot send a new message until it receives an acknowledgment of the successful reception of the previously sent message. The acknowledgment takes the form of a 16-bit message. A timer is set to a duration T after the sending of each message. If time T expires before receiving an acknowledgment, the sending station resends the same message. The distance between the two farthest stations in the network is 1 km. The signal propagation speed is v = 200,000 km/s. What is the minimum value of T? (You ignore the queuing time and the processing time and use only the propagation time and the transmission time)Computer A is sending a 100 kByte long file to Computer B via packet-switching over two consecutive 10 Mbps links of 1000 km length each.Assume that the signal propagation speed on both links is 2.5 x 108 m/s.Furthermore, assume that the maximum length of a packet is 1500 bytes and that Computer A fills each packet to the max, if possible. If transmission starts at time t=0, at which time (in seconds) does the first bit arrive at the switch connecting link 1 and link 2?Problem with constructing MAC. The messages X to be authenticated consists of z independent blocks, so that: X = x1||x2|| . . . ||xz, where every xi consists of |xi| = 8 bits. The input blocks are consecutively put into the compression function ci = h(ci−1, xi) = ci−1⊕xi At the end, the MAC value: MACk(X) = cz+k mod 28 is calculated, where k is a 64-bit long shared key. Describe how exactly the (effective part of the) key k can be calculated with only one known message X.
- Computer A is sending a 100 kByte long file to Computer B via packet-switching over two consecutive 10 Mbps links of 1000 km length each.Assume that the signal propagation speed on both links is 2.5 x 108 m/s.Furthermore, assume that the maximum length of a packet is 1500 bytes and that Computer A fills each packet to the max, if possible. How long (in seconds) does it take Computer A to send out one packet of maximum length on the first link?Computer A is sending a 10 MByte long file to Computer B via packet-switching over two consecutive 100 Mbps links of 2000 km length each.Assume that the signal propagation speed on both links is 2 x 108 m/s.Furthermore, assume that the maximum length of a packet is 1480 bytes and that Computer A fills each packet to the max, if possible. If transmission starts at time t=0, at which time (in seconds) does the first bit arrive at the switch connecting link 1 and link 2? (What is the propagation delay for link 1?)Computer A is sending a 10 MByte long file to Computer B via packet-switching over two consecutive 100 Mbps links of 2000 km length each.Assume that the signal propagation speed on both links is 2 x 108 m/s.Furthermore, assume that the maximum length of a packet is 1480 bytes and that Computer A fills each packet to the max, if possible. How long (in seconds) does it take Computer A to send out one packet of maximum length on the first link? (What is the transmission time for one packet of maximum length?)
- Computer ScienceConsider a full-duplex 256 Kbps satellite link with a 240 millisecond end-to-end delay. The data frames carry a useful payload of size 12,000 bits. Assume that both ACK and data frames have 320 bits of header information, and that ACK frames carry no data. What is the effective data throughput: a) When using Stop and Wait? b) When using sliding windows with a sender window size of W = 5 data frames? Note: that the effective data throughput in reliable data transfer is defined to be the ratio of the amount of useful data sent by the sender divided by the total time elapsed from the moment the first bit of the frame containing this data is transmitted to the moment the last bit of corresponding ACK is received by the sender.Frames of 1000 bits are sent over a 106 bps duplex link between two hosts. The propagation time is 25 ms. Frames are to be transmitted into this link to maximally pack them in transit (within the link). 1.1 What is the minimum number of bits (1) that will be required to represent the sequence numbers distinctly? Assume that no time gap needs to be given between transmission of two frames.
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