ER Diagram A company installs wireless micro-sensors throughout buildings and building campuses to give building managers, maintenance personnel, and others real-time data about the status of almost any part of a building. Sensors can be placed on doors, trash cans, plumbing fixtures, windows, lighting fixtures, and heating systems—almost any building element. Sensor data are used to create dashboards to indicate when, for example, a plumber needs to be dispatched to fix a leaking pipe in a particular wall of an identified building. In addition, data are analyzed over time to determine, for example, where and when electricity and heating/cooling are used so that measures can be taken to reduce energy consumption costs. All the collected data must be kept in a database, although some data are used

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A company installs wireless micro-sensors throughout buildings and building campuses to give building managers, maintenance personnel, and others real-time data about the status of almost any part of a building. Sensors can be placed on doors, trash cans, plumbing fixtures, windows, lighting fixtures, and heating systems—almost any building element. Sensor data are used to create dashboards to indicate when, for example, a plumber needs to be dispatched to fix a leaking pipe in a particular wall of an identified building. In addition, data are analyzed over time to determine, for example, where and when electricity and heating/cooling are used so that measures can be taken to reduce energy consumption costs.

All the collected data must be kept in a database, although some data are used to trigger alerts when immediate action must be taken in response to a security or safety issue.

Each sensor has various features, depending on its purpose and location. For example, a sensor on a trash can is designed to periodically transmit how full the container is and to immediately send a message when the can is within 5 percent of being full or when the can is no longer upright. In general, each sensor sends periodic as well as critical event messages, the latter of which may cause an alert and immediate action to be taken. The following is a somewhat simplified description of the database requirements.

Data must be kept on each sensor, sensor transmission, building personnel, building, location within or outside a building, alert, and action taken. A sensor has a unique 12 character ID, a title, type, date installed, frequency of transmission, and location. Each sensor transmission includes the sensor ID, time stamp, and one or more readings. Personnel have an ID, name, job title, a set of skills, and a set of locations for which he or she is responsible. Each building has a number, description, and a senior person responsible for the building. Each location has an ID, type of location, and coordinates of where within a building or the campus it is. An alert has an ID, the ID of the sensor transmission(s) that generated the alert, and a time stamp for when the alert occurred. Finally, an action has an ID, the ID of the alert that caused the action, the individual or several personnel taking the action, and the result of the action.