Email Email Server server E-mail client User E-mail client User IMAP MS MS Local UA POP3 MS client POP3 UA Local client MS UA SMTP UA MTA MTA server server ISP TCP TCP LAN LAN ISP network prolocol stack prolocol stack prolocol IP IP IP protocol stack DL/PHY DL/PHY stack Global Internet backbone Site/campus LAN ISP network User agent Message transfer system User agent POP SMTP ISP MTA UA DL/PHY = data link/physical layer = post office protocol simple mail transfer protocol Internet service provider = message transfer agent = user agent MS = message store (contains of mail to be sent a queue and an IN mailbox for each of its local users) %3D %3D Figure 2 Protocol stack to support e-mail over the Internet

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