Elementary Steps – the "language" of reaction mechanisms!!! Proton transfer Nucleophilic addition H-A B-H + A:O Nu:O Nu Coordination Nucleophile elimination 美。 B:0 + O:L Abbreviation Legend: LG = leaving group Nu = nucleophile E = electrophile X = an electronegative Heterolysis atom Electrophilic addition RO O:LG Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) Electrophile elimination Nu:O R- * Nu-R + O:LG + E Bimolecular elimination (E2) Carbocation rearrangemen H(R) H(R) B:0 H-C В-н + + O:LG Full Mechanism: H-o-SO3H H H-Ö -SO3H (or water) proton transfer O-H O: H H-O-SO;H (or H3o*) Regeneration of acid catalyst Ester product 1

Q: supply the missing product with all the mechanisims O Me2NH

A: Aldehydes and ketones react with secondary amines to form enamines. The reaction is catalyzed by…

Q: Show the mechanism of reaction 2 and all isomers of the target molecule that can form; discuss why…

A: The following reaction is referred as the Syn dihydroxylation of alkene using osmium tetraoxide.

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Q: If a fast step precedes a slow step in a two-step mecha-nism, how is the fast step affected? How is…

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Q: Draw the major organic product (other than ethanol) formed in the reaction. Br CH3CH₂O- CH3CH₂OH…

A: We have to draw the major product of the given reaction.

Q: Can you please help me write the mechanism for 1,3-dimethylbenzene at the para position and…

A: A question based on organic chemistry, which is to be accomplished.

Q: OCH3 OCH, CH,N2 NH,, in aqueous CH;0 COCI CH;O СОCHN2 AGNO3 OCH3 OCH3 diazoketone OCH; OCH3 LIAIH4.…

A: The detail solution is given below

Q: Which of the curly arrows are incorrectly drawn in the following reaction mechanism? Br W W and Z O…

A: In an organic reaction mechanism, a curved arrow represents the transfer of electrons. In an organic…

Q: Draw the complete, detailed mechanism (curved arrows) for the reaction between alanine and DCC and…

A: Step 1:Step 2: Step 3: Step 4:

Q: In a stereospecific E2 mechanism, the E isomer will always be favored. (True of False?)

A: We have to choose the true or false for a stereospecific E2 mechanism, the E isomer will always be…

Q: Draw a reaction coordinate diagram for the following mechanism. Your diagram should clearly indicate…

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Q: Draw a structural formula for the intermediate in the following reaction:

A: The alkene (C=C) reacts with Br2) to form viccinal dibromide.

Q: ALKYlation or AIclz

A: Ans- In alkylation of alkene occurs in the presence of acid which will act as proton donar. In…

Q: In this organic synthesis, can you help me to figure out A and ? mo. OMe DMA OMe マ」

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Q: Write the mechanism that explains this reaction. Don't write anything in the box. KOCH,CH, + Sill…

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Q: ring with the effect of ……………… and are ……………………… directed towards electrophiles. Groups that are…

A: If any group increases electron density on benzene is ortho para directing. If it withdraw electron…

Q: What is the major product of the following reaction? excess CH₂CH₂CH₂CECH CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ H H Br Br₂ Br…

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Q: 10. For each of the following reactions, identify the mechanism of the reaction (either Sul, SN2, El…

A: An arrow always depicts from a region of high electron density to low electron density ; that is…

Q: i) PhMgBr ii) H2O

A: The Grignard reagent is denoted as R-MgX, where R can be an alkyl or aryl group and X is a halogen.…

Q: OCH3 OCH3 CH;O COCI CH,N2 CH;0 NH,, in aqueous СОCHN> AGNO3 OCH; OCH; diazoketone OCH3 OCH3 LIAIH4…

A: In this reaction   first   acidchloride converted into diazoketone. Then after  converted into…

Q: What is role of solvent in energy compensation for breaking of bond in SN1 mechanism?

A: The reaction in which nucleophile attacks on the electron deficient atom with the elimination of the…

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A: Rho dependent and rho independent termination processes briefly explanation is given below.

Q: OH

A: 1. Bromination of alkane occurs via radical mechanism. 2. HBr addition reaction in presence of…

Q: 2. Draw the complete reaction mechanism for the following transformation and explain the observed…

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Q: 2 The following reaction major products: NBS can have a) Propose a plausible mechanism for both and…

A: Product of following reaction can be made by applying appropriate reaction mechanism.

Q: 1) Draw the detailed mechanism + curved arrows + intermediates Oi i) NaNH, (s) 2) 11₂00 2) Briefly,…

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Q: How does tnis meenanim O aw ? 1. NacN 2.Hz INi

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Q: A student runs the reaction shown here and obtains the 'H NMR spectrum shown. Determine the product…

A: In the above reaction, the peaks shown by the compound in NMR are as follows: 1. Peak at 3.4 ppm 2.…

Q: Draw the structure(s) of the major organic product(s) of the following reaction. Dilute aqueous HCI…

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Q: Optically active 2-butanol slowly racemizes on standing in dilute sulfuric acid. what type of…

A: Dilute H2SO4 on treating with optically active R-2-butanol, turns into a racemic mixture of 50%…

Q: Draw curved arrows indicating the movement of electrons in. The third step of the mechanism

A: A curved  arrow in an organic reaction mechanism denotes the electron transport. The electron is…

Q: + H;O+ HO

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Q: 29) What reagents are necessary to carry out the conversion shown? OH CH₂CH3 CH₂CH3 A) 1.…

A: Given is organic reaction. The given reactant is toluene.The given product is tertiary alcohol.

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A: Mechanism of organic reaction

Q: Provide a mechanism 1. LiBu - рриз 2. خير Av

A: In Wittig reaction, the P-ylide reacts with carbonyl compound(aldehyde or ketone) to produce an…

Q: An organic chemistry student reacted benzene (excess) with a racemic mixture of (S) and (R)…

A: Given Reactants  Benzene  Lewis Acid FeCl3 S- and R- enantiomer of 2-chloro-3,3-dimethylbutane…

Q: In the spectrum below, what types of bonds do the significant adsorptions in the functional group…

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Q: H. H. CH3 CH,0 CH3 Sx2E2 CH3

A: It is an example of bimolecular nucleophilic substitution.

Q: Aldehydes and ketones are appreciably soluble in organic solvent true O False O ........... C6H6 CHO…

A: “Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three subparts for…

Q: O D H* HO, HO, HO. OCH3 H, H,O e. d.

A: 1. Acidic proton is used to protonate the hydroxy group to become a better leaving group i.e. H2O.…

Q: (B) Draw the product for each of the following reactions. Determine whether they will proceed…

A: To find if the given reactions occur via SN1 or SN2 mechanism and to find the product of the…

Designing a Synthesis

Organic synthesis is a branch of chemical synthesis that involves the planned construction of organic compounds/molecules from smaller units that possess functional groups. Friedrich Wöhler was the first scientist who designed the synthesis of an organic compound, urea from inorganic starting materials silver cyanate with ammonium chloride via a simple, one-step synthesis.