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Advanced Engineering Mathematics
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ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
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### Calculus Problem: Definite Integral Evaluation

**Problem:**

Evaluate the definite integral from 0 to 1 of the function \( \frac{dx}{x^3 + 3x^2} \).

\[ \int_{0}^{1} \frac{dx}{x^3 + 3x^2} \]

**Explanation:**

To solve this integral, one possible approach is to simplify the integrand function first. This involves factorizing the denominator and possibly using methods such as partial fraction decomposition if applicable.

### Steps to Solve:

1. **Factor the Denominator:**
   \[ x^3 + 3x^2 = x^2(x + 3) \]
   
   Here, \( x^3 + 3x^2 \) can be factorized into \( x^2(x + 3) \).

2. **Rewrite the Integral:**
   \[ \int_{0}^{1} \frac{dx}{x^2(x + 3)} \]

3. **Use Partial Fraction Decomposition:**
   
   Decompose:
   \[ \frac{1}{x^2(x + 3)} = \frac{A}{x} + \frac{B}{x^2} + \frac{C}{x + 3} \]
   
   Determine constants A, B, C by solving the equation:
   \[ 1 = A x(x + 3) + B(x + 3) + Cx^2 \]

4. **Integrate Each Term:**
   Solve the integrals formed after decomposing into simpler fractions.

5. **Apply Limits:**
   Calculate the definite integral by applying the limits 0 to 1 on the integrated results.

This method requires a detailed step-by-step approach to fully decompose, integrate, and apply the limits. Each step involves algebraic manipulation followed by integration techniques, ensuring to correctly handle the bounds of the integral.
Transcribed Image Text:### Calculus Problem: Definite Integral Evaluation **Problem:** Evaluate the definite integral from 0 to 1 of the function \( \frac{dx}{x^3 + 3x^2} \). \[ \int_{0}^{1} \frac{dx}{x^3 + 3x^2} \] **Explanation:** To solve this integral, one possible approach is to simplify the integrand function first. This involves factorizing the denominator and possibly using methods such as partial fraction decomposition if applicable. ### Steps to Solve: 1. **Factor the Denominator:** \[ x^3 + 3x^2 = x^2(x + 3) \] Here, \( x^3 + 3x^2 \) can be factorized into \( x^2(x + 3) \). 2. **Rewrite the Integral:** \[ \int_{0}^{1} \frac{dx}{x^2(x + 3)} \] 3. **Use Partial Fraction Decomposition:** Decompose: \[ \frac{1}{x^2(x + 3)} = \frac{A}{x} + \frac{B}{x^2} + \frac{C}{x + 3} \] Determine constants A, B, C by solving the equation: \[ 1 = A x(x + 3) + B(x + 3) + Cx^2 \] 4. **Integrate Each Term:** Solve the integrals formed after decomposing into simpler fractions. 5. **Apply Limits:** Calculate the definite integral by applying the limits 0 to 1 on the integrated results. This method requires a detailed step-by-step approach to fully decompose, integrate, and apply the limits. Each step involves algebraic manipulation followed by integration techniques, ensuring to correctly handle the bounds of the integral.
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