### Newton's Second and Third Laws**Question 2:**Two crates, A and B, are in an elevator as shown. The mass of crate A is greater than the mass of crate B.#### Part a:The elevator moves downward at a constant speed.**i. How does the acceleration of crate A compare to that of crate B? Explain.****ii. In the spaces provided below, draw and label separate free-body diagrams for the crates.**- **Free-body diagram for crate A:** *[Draw Free-body diagram here]*- **Free-body diagram for crate B:** *[Draw Free-body diagram here]***iii. Rank the forces on the crates according to magnitude, from largest to smallest. Explain your reasoning, including how you used Newton’s second and third laws.****iv. In the spaces provided at right, draw arrows to indicate the direction of the net force on each crate. If the net force on either crate is zero, state so explicitly. Explain.**- Direction of net force: | Crate A | Crate B | |---------|---------| | | |---### Diagram Explanation:- **Elevator Diagram:** The elevator is shown as a rectangular box with a cable above it. Inside the elevator, there are two crates, A and B, stacked vertically, with crate A on top and crate B at the bottom. An arrow labeled "constant speed" points downward beside the elevator, indicating the direction of motion.#### Explanation for Part ii (Free-body diagrams):- **For Crate A:** Draw the forces acting on crate A. These typically include: - The gravitational force acting downward (Weight of crate A, \(W_A\)). - The normal force acting upward from crate B.- **For Crate B:** Draw the forces acting on crate B. These typically include: - The gravitational force acting downward (Weight of crate B, \(W_B\)). - The normal force acting upward from the floor of the elevator. - The force due to crate A acting downward on crate B (Weight of crate A, \(W_A\)).#### Explanation for Part iii:Using Newton’s second law (\(F = ma\)) and the fact that the elevator is moving with constant speed (which implies zero acceleration), the net force on each crate must balance out the forces acting on them. Therefore ### Newton's Second and Third Laws #### Problem b.As the elevator approaches its destination, its speed decreases. (It continues to move downward.)**i. How does the acceleration of crate A compare to that of crate B? Explain.***Answer*: **ii. In the spaces provided below, draw and label separate free-body diagrams for the crates in this case.**- **Free-body diagram for crate A** (Draw a box with arrows representing the forces acting on crate A)- **Free-body diagram for crate B** (Draw a box with arrows representing the forces acting on crate B)**iii. Rank the forces on the crates according to magnitude, from largest to smallest. Explain your reasoning, including how you used Newton's second and third laws.***Answer*: **iv. In the spaces provided at right, draw arrows to indicate the direction of the net force on each crate. If the net force on either crate is zero, state so explicitly. Explain.**- **Direction of net force** - **Crate A** (Draw an arrow or indicate if the net force is zero) - **Crate B** (Draw an arrow or indicate if the net force is zero)**Is the magnitude of the net force acting on crate A greater than, less than, or equal to that on crate B? Explain.***Answer*: ### Detailed Explanation:**i. Comparison of Accelerations:**The acceleration of crate A should be compared to crate B based on the forces acting on them, considering that the elevator is decelerating while moving downward.**ii. Free-Body Diagrams:**For both crates, draw free-body diagrams, which typically include:- Gravity force acting downward.- Normal force acting upward.- Any additional forces if specified.**iii. Ranking Forces:**Rank the forces on the crates by analyzing the magnitudes of the forces identified in the free-body diagrams. Use Newton's second law (F = ma) and third law (action-reaction forces are equal and opposite).**iv. Direction of Net Force:**Indicate the direction of the net force based on the previous analysis. If the net force is zero, explicitly state that.### Summary:This exercise involves applying Newton's second and third laws to understand the forces and resulting accelerations acting on crates in a decelerating elevator. Free-body diagrams and directional indications of net forces are crucial

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ech Newton's second and third 40 2. Two crates, A and B, are in an elevator as shown. The mass of crate A is greater than the mass of crate B. a. The elevator moves downward at constant speed. i. How does the acceleration of crate A compare to that of crate B? Explain.

ech Newton's second and third 40 2. Two crates, A and B, are in an elevator as shown. The mass of crate A is greater than the mass of crate B. a. The elevator moves downward at constant speed. i. How does the acceleration of crate A compare to that of crate B? Explain.

Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections

1st Edition

ISBN:9781133939146

Author:Katz, Debora M.

Publisher:Katz, Debora M.

Chapter7: Gravity

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 62PQ

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