Earth’s lower atmosphere contains negative and positive ions that are produced by radioactive elements in the soil and cosmic rays from space. In a certain region, the atmospheric electric field strength is 120 V/m and the field is directed vertically down.This field causes singly charged positive ions, at a density of 620 cm3, to drift downward and singly charged negative ions, at a density of 550 cm3, to drift upward. The measured conductivity of the air in that region is 2.70 * 10-14 (ohmm)-1. Calculate (a) the magnitude of the current density and (b) the ion drift speed, assumed to be the same for positive and negative ions.

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Microscopic view of current

In physics, the term current is expressed as the rate of flow of electric charges across the area per unit time (I=q/t). It propagates along in the direction of the motion of positive charges. When the current is caused by the motion of electrons, the direction of the current is opposite to the flow.