(e) Consider the model Y; = Bo + B,X; +u; where E (u;|X;) = 0, observations (Yi, X;) are independent and identi- cally distributed and 0 < E (Y*) < ∞, 0 < E (X÷) < ∞. Suppose X; is measured with error and so X; is observed instead of X;, X; = X;+wi, where Ew; = 0, var (w;) = o², cov (Wi, X;) = 0 and cov (wi, u;) = 0. In this case, it can be shown that Does 3, overestimate or underestimate the true value of B,? What can be said about 3, if there is a very small or very large amount of measurement error?
(e) Consider the model Y; = Bo + B,X; +u; where E (u;|X;) = 0, observations (Yi, X;) are independent and identi- cally distributed and 0 < E (Y*) < ∞, 0 < E (X÷) < ∞. Suppose X; is measured with error and so X; is observed instead of X;, X; = X;+wi, where Ew; = 0, var (w;) = o², cov (Wi, X;) = 0 and cov (wi, u;) = 0. In this case, it can be shown that Does 3, overestimate or underestimate the true value of B,? What can be said about 3, if there is a very small or very large amount of measurement error?
Algebra & Trigonometry with Analytic Geometry
13th Edition
ISBN:9781133382119
Author:Swokowski
Publisher:Swokowski
Chapter3: Functions And Graphs
Section3.5: Graphs Of Functions
Problem 48E
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