During the winter storm of February 13 to 17 2021, the power company of City of Birds, requested the utility Water Supply System to cut energy consumption in half. In this system, water is pumped from a reservoir (Lake Birds) to an elevated storage tank (T) using TWO pumps in parallel. The water supply operators decided to allow ONÉ pump to keep operation, while the second pump was not utilized. What is the water flow in the pipeline? The pump curve of one pump is hp=-0.602+45. The water surface elevation at Lake Birds is 50m and the elevated storage tank is 100m, respectively. The pipeline connecting the lake and the tank is 500 meters long with a diameter of 25 cm. The roughness coeficient is f=0.016.

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Fluid Materials

In general terms, anything that flows can be termed as a fluid. In other words, a fluid is any substance that cannot resist shear forces and deforms continuously under the application of external shear forces. Fluid materials differ completely from solid materials such as metals and alloys. For instance, if we consider two infinitesimally small cross-sectional areas of fluid materials and solid materials, and apply shear forces to these elements, both the elements will undergo deformation. Upon releasing the shear force, the element of the solid materials will regain its original orientation, but the element of the fluid materials will keep on deforming continuously under the action of the shear force.