During the cell cycle, in which sub-phase(s) of interphase do restriction checkpoints exist to monitor the progress of the cell as it prepares for mitosis? O a. G1 phase b. G2 phase c. M phase d. G1 and G2 phases Oe. G1, G2, and M phases
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- During the cell cycle, in which sub-phase(s) of interphase do restriction checkpoints exist to monitor the progress of the cell as it prepares to divide? O a. G₁ phase O b. S phase O c.G2 phase d. G₁ and G2 phases O e. G₁, S, and G2 phasesDuring the cell cycle, in which sub-phase(s) of interphase does the cell replicate its chromosomes? a. G1 phase b.S phase Oc. G2 phase Od. G1 and G2 phases Oe. G1, S, and G2 phases е. QUESTION 48 With regard to the process of mitosis, which of the following pairs is NOT matched correctly? a. Interphase - the cell grows, chromosomes replicate, and proteins are produced to prepare the cell to divide b. Prophase - chromosomes condense, and the nuclear membrane dissociates/breaks down c. Metaphase - chromosomes move toward opposite poles (or sides) of the cell d. Anaphase - sister chromatids separate e. Telophase - two distinct nuclei are formed; this is the stage immediately before cytokinesisMatch the following terms with the correct description Go phase A. During this phase, the cell divides into two identical cells. G, phase B. During this phase, the cell grows In size and synthesizes MRNA Gz phase C. This phase directly precedes mitosis. s phase D. This phase can be percelved as a moment in time in which the cell is nelther dividing nor preparing to divide. M phase E. DNA Is replicated during this phase.
- When studying living cells in a laboratory, researchers sometimesuse drugs as a way to cause cells to remain in a particular phaseof the cell cycle. For example, aphidicolin inhibits DNA synthesisin eukaryotic cells and causes them to remain in the G1 phasebecause they cannot replicate their DNA. In what phase of thecell cycle—G1, S, G2, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, or telophase—would you expect somatic cells to stay if the followingtypes of drug were added?A. A drug that inhibits microtubule formationB. A drug that allows microtubules to form but prevents themfrom shorteningC. A drug that inhibits cytokinesisD. A drug that prevents chromosomal condensationWhich of the following is least likely to result in the formation of a cancerous cell? A Dysfunction results in the permanent activation of a cell division pathway in the absence of the appropriate ligand. B с D Separation of chromatids during mitosis occurs without all centromeres being attached to spindle fibers from both poles. A dysfunction in a cell cycle checkpoint prevents a cell from entering the S phase. A dysfunction causes the inability to produce cancer-suppressing proteins.BPA is a chemical compound that has historically been used in themanufacture of plastic products. However, cells often mistake BPAcompounds for hormones that accelerate the cell cycle. Because ofthis, BPA is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers. Question: How might BPA interact with the cell cycle and its checkpoints?
- You have isolated a temperature-sensitive cell-cycle mutant. The mutated gene encodes the activating subunit of the APC. The mutant protein is defective at high temperatures. You sort several thousand cells and recover the WT-looking profile below: Cells (in thousands) O G1 OM O G2 OS E 5 Next you grow the mutant at the restrictive high temperature and sort an equal number of cells. First, what phase of the cell cycle do you expect the cells to arrest in? 3 2 50 100 150 200⁰ 250 Propidium iodide fluorescence ♫ #tv A X MacBook Airof my celle chose are wels smaller than normal. According to Model 1, what part(e) of the cell cycle is (ere) ou likely being affected? Some cancerus me 7. In Model 1, if the length of the arrow represents time, then for those cancerous cells, what hap pens to the time that is necessary for the cell cycle? What implication might this have for doctors who are treating cancer patients? Why? Living things must grow and develop. At times they suffer injuries or damage, or cells simply wear out. New cells must be formed for the organism to survive. What process must occur to make a new, properly- functioning cell? Model 1 - Mitosis as Part of the Cell Cycle Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Mitosis How do living things grow and repair themselves! Replicated chromosome (2 sister chromatids) 0000 * Centriole Spindle fibers Nuclear membrane Telophase 1. Refer to Model 1. List the four phases in the mitosis process. 2. Where is mitosis in the cell cycle? Before 3. What three phases of the cell cycle…A diploid cell (2n3D10) contains different types of chromosomesbased on the position of their centromeres Two chromosomes are found to be metacentric, while two chromosomes are acrocentric. Four are observedto have their centromeres submedially located while the remaining chromosomes have terminal centromeres. Illustrate the cell being described. Assuming the cell underwent cell division, drawthe appearance of the cell during the specified stages below a. Metaphase b. Anaphase c. Metaphase l d. Anaphasel e. Anaphase I| f. Telophase |
- Figure 28.11 depicts the eukaryotic cell cycle. Many cell types “exit� the cell cycle and don’t divide for prolonged periods, a state termedG0; some, for example neurons, never divide again. a. In what stage of the cell cycle do you suppose a cell might be when it exits the cell cycle and enters G0? b. The cell cycle is controlled by checkpoints, cyclins, and CDKs. Describe how biochemical events involving cyclins and CDKs might control passage of a dividing cell through the cell cycle.Biologists have long been interested in the effects of radiation on cells. In one experiment, researchers examined the effect of radium on mitosis of chick embryo cells growing in culture. A population of experimental cells was examined under the microscope for the number of cells in telophase (as a measure of mitosis occurring) before, during, and after exposure to radium. The results are shown in the Figure. What is the effect of radium exposure on mitosis? Source: R. G. Canti and M. Donaldson. 1926. The effect of radium on mitosis in vitro. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character 100:413419.The primary function of Asters in mitosis is Select one: O a. The production of microfilaments spindles to separate the two sister chromatids O b. The formation of microfilaments needed to hold chromosomes O C. The formation of microtubule spindles to separate the daughter chromosomes O d. The dissociation of the nuclear envelop O e. Formation of a cleavage furrow
