• Draw the single line diagram of a substation having the following equipments: i) Incoming lines: Two, 110kV • ii) Outgoing lines: (a) One, 110kV (b) Four, 11kV iii) Transformers: (a) Two, 10MVA, 110/11kV, D/Y (b) One, 2MVA, 11kV/ 415V,Y/Y • iv) Bus-bars: 110kV-Duplicate bus-bar, 11kV single bus-bar Show the positions of CTs, PTs, isolators, lightning arresters, circuit breakers.

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Electrical Heating Unit

The conversion of electrical energy to heat energy is known as electric heating. The heating system that converts the electrical energy to heat energy for various application is called electrical heating unit. Electricity is employed as the firing mechanism in electric heating systems, which transforms electric current to heat. Electric heaters have heating elements in the form of electric resistors.