Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question
Draw the major product formed in the reaction. Be sure to draw a hydrogen on any heteroatoms, where applicable.

Transcribed Image Text:The problem asks to draw the major product formed in the reaction of a given epoxide with sodium cyanide (NaCN) in an ethanol and water solvent.
**Reactants:**
- A three-membered cyclic ether (epoxide) with an ethyl chain attached.
**Reagents:**
- NaCN (sodium cyanide)
- Ethanol and water as solvents
**Reaction Mechanism:**
The epoxide undergoes nucleophilic ring-opening in the presence of NaCN. The cyanide ion (CN⁻) attacks the less sterically hindered carbon atom in the epoxide, leading to the opening of the ring.
**Product:**
The major product is a β-hydroxy nitrile. It consists of:
- An open chain with a hydroxyl (OH) group.
- A nitrile group (C≡N) attached to the former epoxide carbon.
This transformation is a typical example of how epoxides react with nucleophiles in an acidic or neutral aqueous medium.
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