Draw the major product for each reaction. HNO3 H,SO4 O,N fuming H,SO4 NO2 OMe CI AICI3

Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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### Educational Content: Synthesis Reactions

This section outlines a series of chemical reactions where you are required to determine the major product for each.

---

#### Reaction 1

**Starting Material:**
- Nitro-substituted bicyclo aromatic compound.

**Reagents:**
- \( \text{HNO}_3 \)
- \( \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \)

**Description:**
This reaction involves the nitration of an aromatic compound using a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids. This is a typical electrophilic substitution reaction on the aromatic ring.

---

#### Reaction 2

**Starting Material:**
- Nitro and methoxy-substituted benzene.

**Reagent:**
- Fuming \( \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \)

**Description:**
This reaction suggests a sulfonation, which is another type of electrophilic aromatic substitution. The use of fuming sulfuric acid indicates a high concentration of \( \text{SO}_3 \), facilitating the introduction of a sulfonic acid group.

---

#### Reaction 3

**Starting Material:**
- Bicyclic aromatic compound with a chlorine substituent.

**Reagent:**
- \( \text{AlCl}_3 \)

**Description:**
The presence of aluminum chloride indicates a Friedel-Crafts alkylation or acylation. Given that there’s already a chlorine in the compound, the reagent may facilitate a rearrangement or additional substitution.

---

#### Reaction 4

**Steps:**
1. \( \text{EtCOCl / AlCl}_3 \)
2. \( \text{Br}_2, \text{AlBr}_3 \)
3. \( \text{Zn(Hg)}, \text{HCl, heat} \)
4. \( \text{HNO}_3, \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \)

**Description:**
This is a multi-step synthesis:
1. **Step 1:** Friedel-Crafts acylation with ethyl carbonyl chloride and aluminum chloride.
2. **Step 2:** Bromination using bromine and aluminum bromide, likely at an activated position.
3. **Step 3:** Clemmensen reduction to remove the carbonyl group and convert it into an alkane.
4. **Step 4:** Nitration with nitric and sulfuric acid.

---

#### Reaction 5
Transcribed Image Text:### Educational Content: Synthesis Reactions This section outlines a series of chemical reactions where you are required to determine the major product for each. --- #### Reaction 1 **Starting Material:** - Nitro-substituted bicyclo aromatic compound. **Reagents:** - \( \text{HNO}_3 \) - \( \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \) **Description:** This reaction involves the nitration of an aromatic compound using a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids. This is a typical electrophilic substitution reaction on the aromatic ring. --- #### Reaction 2 **Starting Material:** - Nitro and methoxy-substituted benzene. **Reagent:** - Fuming \( \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \) **Description:** This reaction suggests a sulfonation, which is another type of electrophilic aromatic substitution. The use of fuming sulfuric acid indicates a high concentration of \( \text{SO}_3 \), facilitating the introduction of a sulfonic acid group. --- #### Reaction 3 **Starting Material:** - Bicyclic aromatic compound with a chlorine substituent. **Reagent:** - \( \text{AlCl}_3 \) **Description:** The presence of aluminum chloride indicates a Friedel-Crafts alkylation or acylation. Given that there’s already a chlorine in the compound, the reagent may facilitate a rearrangement or additional substitution. --- #### Reaction 4 **Steps:** 1. \( \text{EtCOCl / AlCl}_3 \) 2. \( \text{Br}_2, \text{AlBr}_3 \) 3. \( \text{Zn(Hg)}, \text{HCl, heat} \) 4. \( \text{HNO}_3, \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \) **Description:** This is a multi-step synthesis: 1. **Step 1:** Friedel-Crafts acylation with ethyl carbonyl chloride and aluminum chloride. 2. **Step 2:** Bromination using bromine and aluminum bromide, likely at an activated position. 3. **Step 3:** Clemmensen reduction to remove the carbonyl group and convert it into an alkane. 4. **Step 4:** Nitration with nitric and sulfuric acid. --- #### Reaction 5
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