Draw the line bond structure for the general form of an amino acid using "R" to represent the side chain. Draw the N- and C- terminus groups using the forms that are predominant at physiological pH (pH = 7.4). Include lone pairs in your drawing. HINT: The structure of the predominant form of an amino acid will depend on the pH because amino acids involve the carboxyl group/carboxylate group conjugate pair and the quaternary ammonium group/amine group conjugate pair. Using the implications of the the Henderson-Hasselbalch relation, summarized in the table below, it is possible to predict the predominant form of these groups at a particular pH. Solution Condition pH pKa pH = pka Relative Amounts of Acid and Base Forms [HA] > [A-] [A-] > [HA] [HA] = [A-] The pK₂ values of amino acid carboxyl groups are between 2 and 5 (depending on which amino acid), therefore, at pH = 7.4, the base form (carboxylate ion) is predominant. Quaternary ammonium groups that are attached to the a-carbons of amino acids have pk₁ values of about 9.5, therefore, at pH = 7.4, the acid form (quaternary ammonium group) is predominant.
Draw the line bond structure for the general form of an amino acid using "R" to represent the side chain. Draw the N- and C- terminus groups using the forms that are predominant at physiological pH (pH = 7.4). Include lone pairs in your drawing. HINT: The structure of the predominant form of an amino acid will depend on the pH because amino acids involve the carboxyl group/carboxylate group conjugate pair and the quaternary ammonium group/amine group conjugate pair. Using the implications of the the Henderson-Hasselbalch relation, summarized in the table below, it is possible to predict the predominant form of these groups at a particular pH. Solution Condition pH pKa pH = pka Relative Amounts of Acid and Base Forms [HA] > [A-] [A-] > [HA] [HA] = [A-] The pK₂ values of amino acid carboxyl groups are between 2 and 5 (depending on which amino acid), therefore, at pH = 7.4, the base form (carboxylate ion) is predominant. Quaternary ammonium groups that are attached to the a-carbons of amino acids have pk₁ values of about 9.5, therefore, at pH = 7.4, the acid form (quaternary ammonium group) is predominant.
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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![Draw the line bond structure for the general form of an amino acid using “R” to represent the side chain. Draw the N- and C-
terminus groups using the forms that are predominant at physiological pH (pH = 7.4). Include lone pairs in your drawing.
HINT:
The structure of the predominant form of an amino acid will depend on the pH because amino acids
involve the carboxyl group/carboxylate group conjugate pair and the quaternary ammonium
group/amine group conjugate pair. Using the implications of the the Henderson-Hasselbalch
relation, summarized in the table below, it is possible to predict the predominant form of these
groups at a particular pH.
Solution
Condition
pH <pka
pH>pKa
pH = pka
Relative Amounts of
Acid and Base Forms
[HA] > [A-]
[A-] > [HA]
[HA] = [A-]
The pK₂ values of amino acid carboxyl groups are between 2 and 5 (depending on which amino
acid), therefore, at pH = 7.4, the base form (carboxylate ion) is predominant.
Quaternary ammonium groups that are attached to the a-carbons of amino acids have pKą values of
about 9.5, therefore, at pH = 7.4, the acid form (quaternary ammonium group) is predominant.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F3c464f2a-84a0-42e5-8632-e13003bef7d6%2F2ab74127-c3fa-4520-a8ff-ff08c5ac6e51%2F97s28jb_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Draw the line bond structure for the general form of an amino acid using “R” to represent the side chain. Draw the N- and C-
terminus groups using the forms that are predominant at physiological pH (pH = 7.4). Include lone pairs in your drawing.
HINT:
The structure of the predominant form of an amino acid will depend on the pH because amino acids
involve the carboxyl group/carboxylate group conjugate pair and the quaternary ammonium
group/amine group conjugate pair. Using the implications of the the Henderson-Hasselbalch
relation, summarized in the table below, it is possible to predict the predominant form of these
groups at a particular pH.
Solution
Condition
pH <pka
pH>pKa
pH = pka
Relative Amounts of
Acid and Base Forms
[HA] > [A-]
[A-] > [HA]
[HA] = [A-]
The pK₂ values of amino acid carboxyl groups are between 2 and 5 (depending on which amino
acid), therefore, at pH = 7.4, the base form (carboxylate ion) is predominant.
Quaternary ammonium groups that are attached to the a-carbons of amino acids have pKą values of
about 9.5, therefore, at pH = 7.4, the acid form (quaternary ammonium group) is predominant.
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