Draw a stick layout diagram for the following functions. Order the gates A, B, C, ... Give an estimate of the layout area in units of λ. Be sure to include a legend showing what layer each color corresponds to. (a) Y = (A + B) (C+D) (b) Y = [A (B+C)] + DE . .

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Analog to Digital Converters

The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) allows circuits controlled by microprocessors, Arduinos, Raspberry Pi, and various reasonable digital circuits to be connected to the real world. In the real world, analog signals have a continuous stream of information from a variety of sources and sensors capable of measuring sound, light, temperature, or movement, in addition to the many digital systems that interact with their environment by measuring analog signals from those transducers.