, door-to-door solution for residential and commercial removals. As the market for removal services is very competitive, Easy Removals aims to deliver services at a low cost. Its management accountant prepared the following information - the growth, price-recovery, and productivity components that explain the change in operating income from 2020 to 2021. Growth Component Price-recovery Component Productivity Component Revenue effect $ 310,000 F $ 98,000 U - Cost effect $ 210,000 U $ 32,000 U $ 128,000 F
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
Easy Removals offers a complete interstate, door-to-door solution for residential and commercial removals. As the market for removal services is very competitive, Easy Removals aims to deliver services at a low cost. Its
|
|
Growth Component |
Price-recovery Component |
Productivity Component |
|
Revenue effect |
$ 310,000 F |
$ 98,000 U |
- |
|
Cost effect |
$ 210,000 U |
$ 32,000 U |
$ 128,000 F |
Suppose that during 2021, the market growth rate in the industry was 10%. The number of jobs billed was 400 and 500 in 2020 and 2021, respectively. Any increase in market share more than 10%, and any change in selling price, are the result of Easy Removals’ strategic actions.
Required:
Compute how much of the change in operating income from 2020 to 2021 is due to the: (a) industry-market-size factor; (b) product differentiation; and (c) cost leadership.
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