Do political science classes require more writing than history classes? The 56 randomly selected political science classes assigned an average of 16 pages of essay writing for the course. The standard deviation for these 56 classes was 3.6 pages. The 59 randomly selected history classes assigned an average of 14.1 pages of essay writing for the course. The standard deviation for these 59 classes was 5.3 pages. What can be concluded at the a = 0.01 level of significance? For this study, we should use Select an answer a. The null and alternative hypotheses would be: Но: Select an answer ? Select an answer O (please enter a decimal) H1: Select an answer ? Select an answer O (Please enter a decimal) b. The test statistic ? O (please show your answer to 3 decimal places.) c. The p-value = d. The p-value is ? O a (Please show your answer to 4 decimal places.) e. Based on this, we should Select an answer the null hypothesis. f. Thus, the final conclusion is that... The results are statistically significant at a = 0.01, so there is sufficient evidence to conclude that %3D the mean number of required pages for the 56 political science classes that were observed is more than the mean number of required pages for the 59 history classes that were observed. The results are statistically insignificant at a = 0.01, so there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the population mean number of pages of writing that political science classes require is more than the population mean number of pages of writing that history classes require. The results are statistically insignificant at a = 0.01, so there is statistically significant evidence to conclude that the population mean number of pages of writing that political science classes require is equal to the population mean number of pages of writing that history classes require. The results are statistically significant at a = 0.01, so there is sufficient evidence to conclude that the population mean number of pages of writing that political science classes require is more than the population mean number of pages of writing that history classes require.

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**Educational Analysis of Writing Requirements in Political Science vs. History Classes**

**Research Question:**
Do political science classes require more writing than history classes?

**Study Details:**
- 56 political science classes and 59 history classes were analyzed.
- Political science classes: average 16 pages of essay writing, standard deviation 3.6 pages.
- History classes: average 14.1 pages of essay writing, standard deviation 5.3 pages.
- Significance level (\(\alpha\)) = 0.01.

**Hypothesis Testing:**
1. **Null and Alternative Hypotheses:**
   - \( H_0 \): Select an answer [mean pages of political science classes = mean pages of history classes]
   - \( H_1 \): Select an answer [mean pages of political science classes > mean pages of history classes]

2. **Test Statistic Calculation:**
   - \( t \) value to be calculated (three decimal places).

3. **P-value Determination:**
   - Calculate the p-value to four decimal places.

4. **Significance Comparison:**
   - Is the p-value \( \leq \alpha \)?
   - Decide whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.

5. **Conclusion Options:**
   - Option 1: Statistically significant; sufficient evidence that political science classes require more writing.
   - Option 2: Statistically insignificant; insufficient evidence that political science classes require more writing.
   - Option 3: Statistically insignificant; evidence that political science classes require equal writing.
   - Option 4: Statistically significant; sufficient evidence that political science classes require more writing.

This study explores whether political science students write significantly more than their history counterparts, providing insights into academic expectations across different fields.
Transcribed Image Text:**Educational Analysis of Writing Requirements in Political Science vs. History Classes** **Research Question:** Do political science classes require more writing than history classes? **Study Details:** - 56 political science classes and 59 history classes were analyzed. - Political science classes: average 16 pages of essay writing, standard deviation 3.6 pages. - History classes: average 14.1 pages of essay writing, standard deviation 5.3 pages. - Significance level (\(\alpha\)) = 0.01. **Hypothesis Testing:** 1. **Null and Alternative Hypotheses:** - \( H_0 \): Select an answer [mean pages of political science classes = mean pages of history classes] - \( H_1 \): Select an answer [mean pages of political science classes > mean pages of history classes] 2. **Test Statistic Calculation:** - \( t \) value to be calculated (three decimal places). 3. **P-value Determination:** - Calculate the p-value to four decimal places. 4. **Significance Comparison:** - Is the p-value \( \leq \alpha \)? - Decide whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis. 5. **Conclusion Options:** - Option 1: Statistically significant; sufficient evidence that political science classes require more writing. - Option 2: Statistically insignificant; insufficient evidence that political science classes require more writing. - Option 3: Statistically insignificant; evidence that political science classes require equal writing. - Option 4: Statistically significant; sufficient evidence that political science classes require more writing. This study explores whether political science students write significantly more than their history counterparts, providing insights into academic expectations across different fields.
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