Do political science classes require more writing than history classes? The 40 randomly selected political science classes assigned an average of 13.1 pages of essay writing for the course. The standard deviation for these 40 classes was 3.9 pages. The 53 randomly selected history classes assigned an average of 10.8 pages of essay writing for the course. The standard deviation for these 53 classes was 5.6 pages. What can be concluded at the a = 0.05 level of significance? For this study, we should use ↑ Select an answer a. The null and alternative hypotheses would be: Ho: Select an answer Select an answer Select an answer H₁: Select an answer Select an answer Select an answer b. The test statistic ? your answer to 3 decimal places.) c. The p-value= 4 decimal places) (please show (Please show your answer to

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**Research Question: Comparing the Writing Requirements of Political Science and History Classes**

**Background Information:**
A study was conducted to determine whether political science classes require more writing than history classes. The study's data includes:

- **Political Science Classes:**
  - Sample Size: 40 classes
  - Average Pages of Essay Writing: 13.1 pages
  - Standard Deviation: 3.9 pages

- **History Classes:**
  - Sample Size: 53 classes
  - Average Pages of Essay Writing: 10.8 pages
  - Standard Deviation: 5.6 pages

**Objective:** 
Determine at the \(\alpha = 0.05\) level of significance whether political science classes require more writing than history classes.

**Steps Involved in the Statistical Test:**

1. **Choosing the Appropriate Test:**
   - We need to select an appropriate statistical test to compare the means of two independent samples.

2. **Formulating Hypotheses:**
   - **Null Hypothesis (H0):** The mean number of pages assigned in political science classes is equal to or less than that in history classes.
   - **Alternative Hypothesis (H1):** The mean number of pages assigned in political science classes is greater than that in history classes.

      \[
      H_0: \mu_{\text{pol. sci.}} \leq \mu_{\text{history}}
      \]
      \[
      H_1: \mu_{\text{pol. sci.}} > \mu_{\text{history}}
      \]

3. **Calculating the Test Statistic:**
   - Use the appropriate formula to calculate the test statistic for comparing two independent means.
   - Please provide your answer accurate to three decimal places.

4. **Finding the p-value:**
   - Determine the p-value corresponding to the test statistic.
   - Please provide your answer accurate to four decimal places.

5. **Comparing p-value with \(\alpha\):**
   - Check if the p-value is less than \(\alpha = 0.05\).

6. **Making a Decision:**
   - If the p-value is less than \(\alpha\), we reject the null hypothesis; otherwise, we do not reject it.

7. **Conclusion:**
   - Based on the decision, state the conclusion clearly regarding whether political science classes require more writing than history classes.

**Formulative
Transcribed Image Text:**Research Question: Comparing the Writing Requirements of Political Science and History Classes** **Background Information:** A study was conducted to determine whether political science classes require more writing than history classes. The study's data includes: - **Political Science Classes:** - Sample Size: 40 classes - Average Pages of Essay Writing: 13.1 pages - Standard Deviation: 3.9 pages - **History Classes:** - Sample Size: 53 classes - Average Pages of Essay Writing: 10.8 pages - Standard Deviation: 5.6 pages **Objective:** Determine at the \(\alpha = 0.05\) level of significance whether political science classes require more writing than history classes. **Steps Involved in the Statistical Test:** 1. **Choosing the Appropriate Test:** - We need to select an appropriate statistical test to compare the means of two independent samples. 2. **Formulating Hypotheses:** - **Null Hypothesis (H0):** The mean number of pages assigned in political science classes is equal to or less than that in history classes. - **Alternative Hypothesis (H1):** The mean number of pages assigned in political science classes is greater than that in history classes. \[ H_0: \mu_{\text{pol. sci.}} \leq \mu_{\text{history}} \] \[ H_1: \mu_{\text{pol. sci.}} > \mu_{\text{history}} \] 3. **Calculating the Test Statistic:** - Use the appropriate formula to calculate the test statistic for comparing two independent means. - Please provide your answer accurate to three decimal places. 4. **Finding the p-value:** - Determine the p-value corresponding to the test statistic. - Please provide your answer accurate to four decimal places. 5. **Comparing p-value with \(\alpha\):** - Check if the p-value is less than \(\alpha = 0.05\). 6. **Making a Decision:** - If the p-value is less than \(\alpha\), we reject the null hypothesis; otherwise, we do not reject it. 7. **Conclusion:** - Based on the decision, state the conclusion clearly regarding whether political science classes require more writing than history classes. **Formulative
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