Discussion Question 2: How has Vanguard used a passive index investing strategy to gain competitive advantage as the investment market?

Which one of the following is the hypothesis that securities markets are efficient?   Multiple Choice A  Geometric market hypothesis B  Standard deviation hypothesis C  Efficient markets hypothesis D  Capital market hypothesis E  Financial markets hypothesis

Explain the concept of efficient markets.  Are the equity capital markets inefficient?

Explain the Contrarian Investing Strategy?

1. Which form of market efficiency is the best among weak, semi strong and strong? 2. Is stock market efficient? Give logic in favour of your answer

How does the equity method discourage the manipulation of net income by investors?

Should investors rely on EPS as an investing tool? Why or why not?

Discuss the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) and its implications for investors. How do the different forms of EMH (weak, semi-strong, and strong) impact trading strategies?

How do black swan events illustrate the limits of capital market theory?

Explain the Modigliani-Miller Payout Policy Irrelevance Proposition. What are the implications of Lintner’s model for firms’ dividend payout behaviour?