Diffraction spreading for a flashlight is insignificant compared with other limitations in its optics, such as spherical aberrations in its mirror. To show this, calculate the minimum angular spreading of a flashlight beam that is originally 5.00 cm in diameter with an average wavelength of 600 nm.

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A: Angular resolution = 1.22× wavelength/diameter. Then angular resolution = 1.22×540nm/.55mm Angular…

Q: When X-rays of wavelength lambada = 0.20nm are re-flected off the face of a crystal, a Bragg maximum…

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Q: olding an infrared detector sensitive to radiation of wavelength 885 nm. What aperture diameter is…

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Q: X-rays of wavelength 0.200 nm are reflected from a certain crystal, and the first-order maximum…

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Q: Find the minimum angular separation resolvable with 633-nm. laser light passing through a circular…

A: As per  Huygens’ principle, each point present on a wavefront will act as a source, this will enable…

Q: If a light with a wavelength of 391.7 nm is used to illuminate a double grating system with a…

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Q: Calculate the distance between two images of the slit in a biprism experiment from the following…

A: To Find: Distance between two images of slit (d) Given: d1=0.04 cm    =4×10-4 md2=0.01 cm    =1×10-4…

Q: Diffraction spreading for a flashlight is insignificant compared with other limitations in its…

A: Minimum Angular Spreading                                 = 1.1568 × 10-5 rad

Q: uman eye uses a superluminescent diode (SLD) emitting a spectrum centred at 50 nm with a Gaussian…

A: The axial resolution of the system in producing cross-section OCT images of the retina is

Q: Estimate the distance for which ray optics is good approximation for an aperture of 4 mm and…

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Q: An optical fiber ('silica-glass') has a 'core' core with diameter 2a = 4µm and index of refraction…

A: Given,diameter of core 2a=4μmn1=1.468n2=1.447

Q: In order to achieve higher levels of X-ray attenuation than observed for biological tissue, elements…

A: The X-ray absorption coefficient strongly depends on the atomic no of the absorbing atoms, x-ray…

Q: What is the radius of the Airy disk created by the light of wavelength 626 nm that passes through…

A: Light wavelength used, λ=626 nm=626×10-9m radius of the lens, r=5.2 cm=0.052 m Diameter of the lens,…

Q: Assume you have an optical beam of λ=630 nm characterized by the complex q-parameter, q = 3+j5 cm.…

A: Given,Complex q parameter of the beam,q = 3+j5 ⇒Z0+jZR, where ZR is the Rayleigh rangeSo,…

Q: The X-ray powder pattern for a silvery-grey metal has reflections at 0 = 20.25°, 29.30°, 36.82°,…

A: Given, Angles and wavelength 154.05 pm

Q: Calculate the limit of resolution of a telescope objective having a diameter of 200 cm, if it has to…

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Q: The second-order diffraction (n=2) for a gold crystal is at an angle of 22.50 for X-rays of 154 pm.…

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Q: The Very Large Array (VLA) is a set of 27 radio telescope dishes in Catron and Socorro counties, New…

A: ⇒ Given         Synthetic Aperfure diameter D = 36 km.

Q: X-ray diffraction in potassium chloride (KCI) results in a first- order maximum when…

A: The crystalline structure of a crystal is capable of diffracting incident X-rays in different…

Q: X-rays of wavelength 0.150 nm are reflected from a certain crystal, and the first-order maximum…

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Q: A vehicle with headlights separated by 1.95 m approaches an observer holding an infrared detector…

A: Given that,The distance between the lights : d= 1.95 (m)Wavelength of light : λ = 885 (nm) =885×10-9…

Q: A beam of 635 nm light is incident on a diffraction grating that has 340 grooves/mm. (a) Determine…

A: The incident beam has a wavelength of 635 nm, when in air. This beam is incident on a grating having…

Q: One important goal of astronomers is to have a telescope in space that can resolve planets like the…

A: Given data: Distance between star and planet L=1.5×1011 m. Diameter of the mirror D=8.0 m.…

Q: (a) A radio telescope has an angular resolution of 0.142° for incident radio waves of wavelength…

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Q: A laser with 589 nm wavelength and a beam diameter of 2 mm is fed through a beam-expander, then…

A: The wavelength of light λ=589nm=5.89×10-7m beam diameter =2mm=0.002m for diameter of d=30cm=0.3m…

Q: The diamond has a face-centered cubic crystal lattice, and there are eight atoms in a unit cell. Its…

A: Given, The density of diamond is ρ=3.51gcm3 The wavelength of the X-ray beam is λ=7.12pm

Q: Atomic sodium produces two prominent spectral lines at 588.995 nm and 589.592 nm. Find the angular…

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Q: If the optical power entering an optical fiber is I=1000 mW Its length is z = 100 km The loss is…

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Q: Pluto and its moon Nix are separated by 48700 km. An undergraduate researcher wants to determine if…

A: The Telescope can distinguish between Pluto and it's moon nix only if the angular resolution is less…

Q: One important goal of astronomers is to have a telescope in space that can resolve planets like the…

A: L=Distance between planet and star=1.5×1011 m=1.5×10119.46×1015=1.59×10−5 lyD=Diameter of mirror=8…

Q: A proposed “star wars" antimissile laser is to focus infrared light with 2.8-µm wavelength to a…

A: When imaging small or distant objects due to diffraction there exists a fundamental limit. This…

Q: Q: An optical fiber with core radius = 62µm, n; = 1.49, ną = 1.45. If the time delay the longest and…

A: (a)core radius; a=62μmOptical wavelength range fromλ1=400 nm to  λ2=700 nmwe can find mode of the…

Q: An astronaut on the International Space Station (ISS) is experimenting with a solid-state green…

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Q: You are looking into the headlights of a distant vehicle on an autoroute in France. The driver has…

A: Wavelength of light is Diameter of the iris is Distance between the headlights of the vehicle is…

Q: X-rays of wavelength 0.200 nm are reflected from a certain crystal, and the first-order maximum…

A: Answer:-  Given Wavelength ( λ) = 0.200 nm  Angle (A) = 14.60 n = 1 Interplanar spacing of the…

Q: The Very Large Array (VLA) is a set of 27 radio telescope dishes in Catron and Socorro counties, New…

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Q: vehicle with headlights separated by 1.74 m approaches an observer holding an infrared detector…

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