Determine the step response v(t) for t > 0 in the circuit below. *Please do not use Laplace transform technique, as we are only on RLC circuits transformation chapter (beginning)
Transfer function
A transfer function (also known as system function or network function) of a system, subsystem, or component is a mathematical function that modifies the output of a system in each possible input. They are widely used in electronics and control systems.
Convolution Integral
Among all the electrical engineering students, this topic of convolution integral is very confusing. It is a mathematical operation of two functions f and g that produce another third type of function (f * g) , and this expresses how the shape of one is modified with the help of the other one. The process of computing it and the result function is known as convolution. After one is reversed and shifted, it is defined as the integral of the product of two functions. After producing the convolution function, the integral is evaluated for all the values of shift. The convolution integral has some similar features with the cross-correlation. The continuous or discrete variables for real-valued functions differ from cross-correlation (f * g) only by either of the two f(x) or g(x) is reflected about the y-axis or not. Therefore, it is a cross-correlation of f(x) and g(-x) or f(-x) and g(x), the cross-correlation operator is the adjoint of the operator of the convolution for complex-valued piecewise functions.
Determine the step response v(t) for t > 0 in the circuit below.
*Please do not use Laplace transform technique, as we are only on RLC circuits transformation chapter (beginning)
![### Circuit Analysis for Educational Purposes
This illustration represents a simple electrical circuit. Let's break down the components:
1. **Voltage Sources**:
- An **8 V** voltage source is connected in series with a **12 V** voltage source. These provide the electrical energy to the circuit.
2. **Resistor**:
- The circuit includes a **2 Ω** resistor. Resistors are components that oppose the flow of electric current, causing a drop in voltage.
3. **Inductor**:
- A **1 H** (henry) inductor is present. Inductors store energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through them. They oppose changes in current.
4. **Capacitor**:
- There is a capacitor with a capacitance of **1/5 F** (farad). Capacitors store energy in an electric field, and they resist changes in voltage.
5. **Switch**:
- A switch is included, indicating the circuit's operation initiates at **t = 0**. When closed, it allows current to flow and the circuit to function.
### Understanding the Diagram
- The diagram visually shows the circuit connections and components. It uses standard symbols:
- **Circles with + and - signs** represent voltage sources.
- **Zigzag line** denotes a resistor.
- **Coil shape** represents an inductor.
- **Parallel lines** indicate a capacitor.
- The positive and negative signs on the voltage and capacitor signify polarity.
### Key Concepts
- **Initial Conditions**: At **t = 0**, the circuit behavior starts to change as the switch moves to the closed position.
- **Energy Storage**: Both the capacitor and inductor can store energy and release it over time, affecting the transient response of the circuit.
- **Circuit Dynamics**: The resistor, inductor, and capacitor work together to define the circuit’s time-dependent behavior as it reaches a steady state.
This setup is typical for studying the transient response and analyzing the step response of RLC circuits in educational environments.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F02681530-b6ca-4d72-bfd1-7260256101ab%2F63362c82-aca8-41c4-b4c2-44ed5c2687ea%2Fwoum7z8_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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