Determine the isoelectric pH (pl) of the amino acids (a) Met, M, (b) Glu, E and (c) Lys, K. Show your solutions clearly and systematically. Draw the structures (showing the states of protonation) of each amino acid before and after consecutive ionizations. Indicate the pH (i.e., pKa) values at which these ionizations occur. Specify the pKa values you used for the calculation of pl. The pKa values of the amino acids' ionizable groups are listed in the table below.

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Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.