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what is the design type in the following study
"The cost-effectiveness of substituting physicians with diabetes nurse
specialists: a randomized controlled trial with 2-year follow-up"
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- The American Diabetes Association changed the cut-off point of an HbA1c diagnostic test for diabetes from 7.0% to 6.5%. With this change in the cut-off point, which of the following occurred? The American Diabetes Association changed the cut-off point of an HbA1c diagnostic test for diabetes from 7.0% to 6.5%. With this change in the cut-off point, which of the following occurred? Sensitivity increased and specificity decreased Sensitivity decreased and specificity increased Sensitivity and specificity both decreased Sensitivity and specificity both increasedOut of the experimental designs, two-group pretest-posttest design, two-group posttest design, Solomon four-group design, multiple experimental group design, and factorial design. Which of these would be best for researching the impact of diet on hypertension? What makes that design a better choice?What is the specific model that should be used for insulin pump topic ? What is the goal or hypothesis? What are the independent and dependent variables related topic for insulin pump ?
- please describe The Canadian Diabetes Strategy (CDS) program (includes the program name, history, why it was developed, who it serves, who developed the program).The Physicians' Health Study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 22,071 apparently healthy male physicians. Subjects were randomized into two groups: one group took a buffered aspirin every other day and the other was given a placebo. The average follow-up during the aspirin component of the trial was 60.2 months. Baseline cardiovascular risk factors and adherence to therapy during the trial were assessed by questionnaire. Cardiovascular outcomes were reported by questionnaire and confirmed by record review by an Endpoints Committee. Among those taking the aspirin, 104 heart attacks (with five deaths) occurred compared to 189 heart attacks 18 of them fatal among those taking the placebo. The study was terminated early, due principally to a 44% reduction in the risk of a first myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following are NOT a reason(s) to use a placebo in this trial? Select all that apply. To ensure the ethical review board will approve the…The screening cut-off point for the new diabetes screening test was lowered to 130mg of blood glucose per 100ml. Using this cut-off point, 230 people tested positive on the screening test. Of these, 66 people tested negative on the “gold standard” diagnostic test (that is, they did not have diabetes). The data are in the table below. Data of screening test and gold standard results "Gold-Standard" Test Screening Test Disease No Disease Total Positive 164 66 230 Negative 336 9434 9770 Total 500 9500 10000
- Compared to the above urine test, a blood test for glucose is more accurate in avoiding both false positive and false negative results in identifying diabetic patients. If a blood test for glucose correctly identifies 90% of diabetic patients, but gives false-positive results for 12% of non-diabetic patients, then: the blood glucose test has improved sensitivity, but reduced specificity (compared to the urine test) the blood glucose test has improved neither sensitivity nor specificity (compared to the urine test) the blood glucose test has reduced both sensitivity and specificity (compared to the urine test) the blood glucose test has improved both sensitivity and specificity (compared to the urine test) the blood glucose test has improved specificity, but reduced sensitivity (compared to the urine test)In a placebo-controlled study, 10 healthy subjects were given oral triazolam 0.5 mg before and after rifampicin 600 mg daily for 5 days. Rifampicin reduced the triazolam AUC by 95% and decreased its maximum plasma levels by 88%, when compared with placebo. The elimination half-life was reduced from 2.8 hours to 1.3 hours. Pharmacodynamic tests (drowsiness, sway, Maddox wing, etc.) showed that rifampicin abolished the effects of triazolam.a) Why is the AUC of triazolam reduced in the presence of rifampicin? b) Given the above scenario, if you were to accommodate this situation by dosage adjustment strategies, in the presence rifampicin what dose of triazolam would you have recommended, keeping dosage interval the same as when there was no rifampicin? answer part bDiscuss which are the elements of the protocol for implementing a questionnaire data collection method. Elaborate a strategy for questionnaire design addressing the research question: "Does COVID-19 affect the work satisfaction of employees?". Propose four main questions that are suitable in your view to be part of this questionnaire. Briefly motivate your choice of questions and the strategy for the question-design that you have used.
- The table below shows results obtained in a new screening test for diabetes. 10,000 people were screened. The cut-off level employed was 180mg of blood glucose per 100 ml. Everyone scoring above this level was classified as positive for diabetes. Everyone scoring below this level was classified as negative for diabetes. These results were compared to a “gold standard” diagnostic test for diabetes that is considered to be completely valid. Data of screening test and gold standard results "Gold-Standard" Test Screening Test Disease No Disease Total Positive 125 25 150 Negative 375 9475 9820 Total 500 9500 10000 Calculate the positive predictive and specificity value and express it as a percent rounded to one decimal place.The table below shows results obtained in a new screening test for diabetes. 10,000 people were screened. The cut-off level employed was 180mg of blood glucose per 100 ml. Everyone scoring above this level was classified as positive for diabetes. Everyone scoring below this level was classified as negative for diabetes. These results were compared to a “gold standard” diagnostic test for diabetes that is considered to be completely valid. Data of screening test and gold standard results "Gold-Standard" Test Screening Test Disease No Disease Total Positive 125 25 150 Negative 375 9475 9820 Total 500 9500 10000A cohort study looks at the relationship between estrogen use and the risk of breast cancer. A total of 4555 estrogen users and 4495 nonusers are enrolled in the study and followed up for 15 years for the development of breast cancer. In the estrogen-using group, 212 women developed breast cancer, and in the non-using group 298 women developed breast cancer. 9. What is the computed relative risk for breast cancer developed among estrogen users?A. 0.591 B. 0.613 C. 0.702 D. 0.833 Property of and for the exclusive use of SLU. Reproduction, storing in a retrieval system, distributing, uploading or posting online, or transmitting in any form or byany means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise of any part of this document, without the prior written permission of SLU, is strictlyprohibited. 210. What is the most appropriate scale of measurement to be used based on the given problem set?A. Risk ratioB. Odds ratioC. Absolute riskD. Cumulative incidence11. How many…