- Design a three layer flexible pavement system using the CBR method, knowing that the present AADT is (4200 v/d) the heavy vehicles represent 0.03 of it. The highway lifetime and the construction period about 15 years and the growth rate is (r-0.02). The CBR values are as follows: Subgrade soil = 8%, sub-base = 15%, Base = 80%. Make use of the attached CBR curve %3D %3!

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A:

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A: Given: Required: Shear stress at wall

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Asphalt Binders and Mixtures

Asphalt binders are subsidiary products procured during the refining process of petroleum while manufacturing gasoline, diesel, and similar petroleum products. Asphalt binders are obtained from the residue that remains after the distillation of petroleum, this residue is further subjected to steam distillation and oxidation to remove the traces of gas oil present in the residue. Certain additives or modifiers are also added to asphalt binders to alter them to suit different applications.