Design a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) system to operate in an environment where the power of an interfering signal is 400 times more than the desired signal power. Consider the total system losses to be 5 dB and the output S/N ratio to be 7 dB. The information rate is 256 kbps. Calculate the following: 4.1.1 The jamming margin. 4.1.2 The minimum process gain. 4.1.3. The minimum required RF bandwidth (in Mhz). The required code generator clock rate.

Q: a) i) Consider the AM signal s(t) = 10cos(3900tt) + 40cos(4000rt) + 10cos(4100Trt). Calculate the…

A:

Q: q4-  In spread spectrum communications, a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence converts _______ signal to…

A: spread spectrum communications : Spread Spectrum refers to a system originally developed for…

Q: 3- For AM DSBFC modulator, the modulation coefficient is 0.4 and a carrier power is 400 W, the Total…

A:

Q: Consider the octal signal point constellation in figure shown below. The adjacent signal points in…

A: Given: PSK-8 Distance d=A

Q: dentify the advantages of FM over AM. (Check all that apply.) The capture effect in FM helps…

A: Advantages of FM over AM : 1. In AM (Amplitude modulation) most of the transmitted power wasted…

Q: The output signal from a conventional AM modulator is ?(?) = 4 cos(3600??) + 24 cos(4000??) + 4…

A: The expression of the output signal from a conventional AM modulator is given as

Q: Example 1: The equation of an angle modulated signal is: PFM (t) = 10 cos(10³t + 3 sin 10¹t) volts…

A:

Q: + Vi(t) 2H 3 H 102 + Volt)

A:

Q: For a DSB-SC AM, if the message has a spectrum as shown below, MCH) a) Sketch the block diagram of…

A:

Q: SI $2 $3 $4 6d 2d 4d Consider the signal space representation in the figure above. All four messages…

A:

Q: A battery is rated 200Ah. If it used to supply a constant current of 5 A, how long can the battery…

A: Given : Here they are using a  source called battery battery is used to store the power.   The…

Q: In spread spectrum communications, a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence converts _______ signal to ______…

A: Need to identify the function of Pseudo - noise(PN) sequence based on the given option.

Quantization and Resolution

Quantization is a methodology of carrying out signal modulation by the process of mapping input values from an infinitely long set of continuous values to a smaller set of finite values. Quantization forms the basic algorithm for lossy compression algorithms and represents a given analog signal into digital signals. In other words, these algorithms form the base of an analog-to-digital converter. Devices that process the algorithm of quantization are known as a quantizer. These devices aid in rounding off (approximation) the errors of an input function called the quantized value.

Probability of Error

This topic is widely taught in many undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses of: