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Describe two sources of hydrocarbons in the atmosphere. Which one is more readily controlled?

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter8: Properties Of Gases

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 78QRT

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Carbon dioxide emissions associated with a one-night stay in a hotel room are calculated at 29.53 kg of CO2 per room day for an average hotel. The 200 rooms of your hotel are all occupied for two days during a college football game. How much CO2 did the guests and hotel release into the atmosphere?
4. Suppose that a large amount of forest land was cleared to provide farmland. What effect would the clearing have on the carbon dioxide level in the air? Explain your answer.
2. Describe the mechanism of hydrocarbon cracking for production of hydrogen and write the reactions that takes place during methane cracking for hydrogen production.
A large sport utility vehicle has a mass of 2.5 * 103 kg. Calculate the mass of CO2 emitted into the atmosphere upon accelerating the SUV from 0.0 mph to 65.0 mph. Assume that the required energy comes from the combustion of octane with 30% efficiency. (Hint: Use KE = 1/2 mv2 to calculate the kineticenergy required for the acceleration.)
85. Propane, C3H8, is a hydrocarbon that is commonly used as a fuel. (a) Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of propane gas. (b) Calculate the volume of air at 25 °C and 1.00 atmosphere that is needed to completely combust 25.0 grams of propane. Assume that air is 21.0 percent O2 by volume. (Hint: We will see how to do this calculation in a later chapter on gases—for now use the information that 1.00 L of air at 25 °C and 1.00 atm contains 0.275 g of O2 per liter.) (c) The heat of combustion of propane is −2,219.2 kJ/mol. Calculate the heat of formation, ΔH∘fΔHf° of propane given that ΔH∘fΔHf° of H2O(l) = −285.8 kJ/mol and ΔH∘fΔHf° of CO2(g) = −393.5 kJ/mol. (d) Assuming that all of the heat released in burning 25.0 grams of propane is transferred to 4.00 kilograms of water, calculate the increase in temperature of the water.
Identify and analyze the way fossil fuel combustion has changed the composition of Earth's atmosphere, and the way this change has affected climate.
Why is carbon monoxide a dangerous air pollutant? How does it affect human health at low levels and at high levels?
What mass of carbon dioxide is formed from burning one gallon of octane, C8H18? Octane has a density of 703 kg/m3.1 L = 0.2642 gal 1 lb = 453.592 gAn average tree absorbs 48 pounds of CO2 in one year. How many trees would you need to plant to offset the CO2produced from burning one gallon of octane every day for one year (365 days)?
What factors need to be controlled to make sure the comparison between fuels is reliable?
Which of the following processes add carbon to the atmosphere? 1. carbonic acid formation and limestone formation. 2. Photosynthesis and carbonic acid formation. 3. Photosynthesis and limestone formation. 4. Cellular respiration and fossil fuel combustion.
A large sport utility vehicle has a mass of 2.5 * 10^3 kg. Calculate the mass of CO2 emitted into the atmosphere upon accelerating the SUV from 0.0 mph to 65.0 mph. Assume that the required energy comes from the combustion of octane with 30% efficiency. (Hint: Use KE = 1 /2mv2 to calculate the kinetic energy required for the acceleration.)
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