Describe the process used to find the mass of Barium Chloride reacted and the mass of Sodium Phosphate Dodecahydrate reacted reagent limits the reaction. In real reactions, it is not always as straightforward as (1)you can have different ratios of reactants in the balanced chemical equation, and (2) wealso usually work with the compound's masses, not the number of moles.Let's look at an example of a more complicated reaction. Suppose we have:CaCl2 + K2CO3 → CaCO3 + 2KCIIf we add 0.75 g CaCl2 and 0.75 g K2CO3 together, which one is the limiting reactant?First, convert grams to moles, then look at the molar ration between the reactant andproduct and find out which on would be limiting.1 mol2 mol KCI= 0.0135 mol KCl possible0.75 g CaCl21 mol CaCl2110.98g CaCl21 mol2 mol KCl= 0.011 mol KCl possible0.75 g K2CO3 *138.0 g K2CO31 mol K2CO3For this example, K2CO3 is the limiting reagent. Note, that it doesn't matter whether youfocus on KCI produced or CaCO3 produced, either way, the answer is the same.You can also look at how much of the non-limiting reactant is left over. If we can onlymake 0.011 moles of KCI before all of one reactant is used up, thenleoimerb lo ybue eni o1 mol CaCl,o 110.98 gViov ai Inopret0.011 mol KCI *0.610g CaCl, used in the reaction2 mol KCI1 mol CaCl2paitimi erts tar mat ew wieque horle ni erastoper0.75 g CaCl2 originally – 0.610 g used up = 0.14 g CaCl2 left overFor this experiment, we will be combining sodium phosphate dodecahydrate and bariumchloride dehydrate to make barium phosphate. The balanced chemical equation ishooshown below.2Na3PO4 • 12H20(aq) + 3BaCl2 • 2H2O(aq) → Ba3(PO4)2(s) + 6NaCI(aq) + 30H20()bluco w baau bns A oanThe reactant salts and NaCl are soluble in water while the barium phosphate isinsoluble and precipitates out of solution. You will be assigned an unknown thatcontains both sodium phosphate dodecahydrate and barium chloride dihydrate. You willneed to determine which reactant is the limiting reactant for your unknown and the cotampercent of each reactant present in your sample.To experimentally determine which reactant is acting as the limiting reagent, you will dothe reaction and collect your solid precipitate. Take two portions of the filtrate (the waterof the reaction) and put each portion into a test tube. Place a small amount of Na3PO4,in one portion and a small amount of BaCl2 in the other. If precipitate does form uponaddition of Na3PO4, then the sodium phosphate was the limiting reagent. If precipitateforms with addition of BaCl2, the barium chloride was the limiting reagent. You will see a Materials: netenoinit.ed.biucw.noFilter Paper250 mL Beaker400 mL BeakerTweezers500 mL Sidearm FlaskDistilled WaterHotplateStirring rodSolution of Na3PO4 • 12 H2OSolution of BaCl2 • 2H2OBuchner Funnel(2) Watch glassTom(2) Test TubesUnknown containing Na3PO4 • 12 H20 and BaCl2 • 2H2OIntroduction:no lo lleThe concept of limiting reagent is very important to the study of chemical reactions.When performing a chemical reaction, different ratios of compounds react to form aproduct. The amount (or mass) of reactant available determines the actual quantity ofproduct made and if one of the reactants is in short supply, we term that the "limitingreagent".Suppose we set up a reaction where we add 1 mole of A to react with 1 mole of Baccording to the following balanced chemical equation. muinsdnciriowoled.mwoneA + B CForm the stoichiometry of the reaction, and from the amounts of A and B used, we couldpredict that exactly 1 mole of C should form.JerSuppose we do the reaction again, but this time we add in 1 mole of A and only 0.5 isimoles of B. Will we still get 1 mole of product coming back out? No, it is obvious that wewould not. Once the reaction has gone to completion, we would be left with 0.5 moles ofunreacted A, nothing left of B and only 0.5 moles of product C. We would say that thelimiting reactant in this case is B.What if we do the reaction using 1 mole of A and 2 moles of B? We would obtain 1 moleof product C, have 1 mole of B left over and would sav that A is the limiting reactant. nolernqaorlq muThis example is simple and straightforward, so it is easy to see which reagent limits thereaction. In real reactions, it is not always so straightforward, so it is easy to see which103 | Page

Answered: Describe the process used to find the…

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...