Describe the four stages of general anesthesia

Q: ,which are concerned with tche and the maintenance of equilinrium at a subconscious level. And to…

A: It is a sensory organ and a part of sensory system. Ear has more than one function. it helps in the…

Q: Explain why p-wave amplitudes outside the normal range may still be 'normal'?

A: ECG is a recording of the action potential by all the heart muscle fibers during each heartbeat.One…

Q: Explain what is meant by the blood-brain barrier. Describe its structure and discuss its clinical…

A: An network of veins and tissue that is comprised of firmly divided cells and helps shield…

Q: Explain the role of ion channels in the production of anaction potential

A: Ion channels can be defined as the internal membrane proteins which formed the passageway for the…

Q: One mechanism underlying the anesthesia is opening increase numbers of potassium leak channels.…

A: Anesthesia refers to the induced state of a person in which the sensation is temporarily lost. It…

Q: . Name the criteria used to distinguish brain death from a coma?

A: During sleep, the reduced muscle activity and all voluntary activities are also stepped with no…

Q: Phenytoin (sodium channel blocker) and ethosuximide (calcium channel blocker) are anti-seizure drugs…

A: Electrical signals regulate the contraction of muscle, secretion of hormones, sensation of the…

Q: Define REM sleep and indicate the physiological changes that might be observed during REM sleep.

A: Rapid eye movement ( REM ) sleep is a remarkable period of rest in mammals and birds, portrayed by…

Q: Give FOUR criteria for identifying a substance as a neurotransmitter.

A: Introduction  A neuron releases a signalling chemical called a neurotransmitter across a synaptic…

Q: Define the following terms:a. vitamin B12b. blood-brain barrierc. neurotransmitterd. serotonine.…

A: Vitamins are organic molecules which is an essential micronutrient required for the higher organisms…

Q: Define autonomic nervous system (ANS)

A: The division of the peripheral nervous system that functions automatically without an individual's…

Q: Define the term saccades? Describe its structure and function?

A: Answer: Introduction: Saccades are fast, ballistic movements of the eyes which shortly altering the…

Q: List in correct order the changes that occur during anaction potential.

A: In physiology, an action potential can be described as a rapid rise and fall in a neuron's membrane…

Q: In atropine poisoning, would you expect the pupils to be dilated or constricted? The skin to be…

A: Atropine poisoning can cause allergies and in the case of nerve failure and when the heart rate is…

Q: Explain what dual innervation means with regard to the autonomic nervous system.

A: The autonomic nervous system controls the muscles of internal organs (such as the heart, blood…

Q: schematic diagram of the spinothalamic pathway and annotate it by indicating where and how the…

A: The spinothalamic pathway is a sensory pathway that carries the sensations of pain, temperature, and…

Q: Identify one major advantage and one disadvantage of having a blood–brain barrier.

A: Anatomy and physiology are the branches of biology, anatomy deals with the study of the structure of…

Q: Discuss about blood brain barrier in details?

A: The brain is the nervous system's primary organ and, together with the spinal cord, makes up the…

Q: Explain why some drugs prescribed to treat allergic reactions cause drowsiness as a side effect.

A: The immune system of the body is responsible for fighting the infections in the body and providing…

Q: State the location and function of Broca’s area.

A: The human brain is the central organ of the nervous system. Along with the spinal cord it makes up…

Q: Describe the events leading to the generation of anaction potential.

A: Ans: Action potential: It is the process of sudden, fast as well as propagating changes in the…

Q: One of the following statements is not true, which? Select one: a. The dorsal column-medial…

A: Ascending tracts carry sensory messages from the body to the brain. There are three types of…

Q: List and describe the major effects of parasympathetic stimulation. Explain why sympathetic effects…

A: Introduction:- The nervous system correlate the transmission of nerve signals all over the body to…

Q: 3. Explain the 4 stages of anesthesia. (8pts) NAME (1pt each) STAGES STAGE I STAGE II STAGES III…

A: General anaesthesia is given to patients before any type of surgery is done or any invisible…

Q: Describe REM and non-REM sleep.

A: Introduction: Sleep is Natural transient condition of rest during which a person loses their ability…

Q: List and describe the major effects of sympathetic stimulation on the major organs. Describe the…

A: The nervous system is majorly responsible for controlling, regulating, and establishing…

Q: 3) CSF albumin/serum albumin

A: Blood vessels are important to deliver oxygen and nutrients to all of the tissues and organs…

Q: Identify the effects of sympathetic nervous systems have on the following heart,bronchial smooth…

A: The Autonomic nervous system of the brain is divided into two further sub-systems, sympathetic…

Q: Do you consider a person in coma living or dead?

A: On earth, life exists based on certain processes and functions. To maintain the proper functioning…

Q: Define somatotropin

A: The endocrine system consists of glands like pituitary glands and organs like reproductive organs…

Q: Suggest whether the following structures are likely to act as cholinergic agonists or not and…

A: Cholinergic agent: The compound which mimic the action of acetylcholine or butyrylcholine are called…

Q: Describe the structural basis for and the importance of the blood-brain barrier?

A: The brain is the integral unit of the central nervous system and aids in controlling various vital…