Describe the embryonic development of the divisions of thebrain
Describe the embryonic development of the divisions of the
brain
Neurulation is the process of development of the nervous system during embryonic development. In this process, the thick neural plate folds up itself to form the neural tube and neural crest.
The cells of the neural tube flex with growth and become crescent-shaped. At the beginning of the fourth week of gestation, the cephalic part of the neural tube forms the cephalic flexure, which develops into the forebrain (prosencephalon), the hindbrain (rhombencephalon) is formed by the caudal end of the tube flexure, and the curved part adjoining the cephalic flexure forms the midbrain (mesencephalon). These are the primary brain vesicles that further undergo division and differentiation to form different parts of the brain. In the fifth week of gestation, the forebrain divides and forms a posterior diencephalon (this forms the hypothalamus and thalamus) and an anterior telencephalon (which gives rise to basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, and other associated structures). The hindbrain's vesicle divides into metencephalon (forms the cerebellum and pons) and myelencephalon (forms the medulla oblongata). The brain also divides into repeating units termed neuromeres, and in the hindbrain region, it is termed as rhombomeres.
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