Describe how p53 plays a role in both cell cycle arrest and in apoptosis.

Q: Complete the following statements by selecting one of the two options provided. A mutation that…

A: Introduction  Mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome. These changes can…

Q: Can you think of any reasons why cells are programmed to commit suicide (apoptosis)?

A: Apoptosis is a process of cell death, programmed in cells of multi cellular organisms. The cell…

Q: Describe how cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are regulated and explain how they help cells pass…

A: The cell cycle is the lifespan of the cell from the time it is formed until it divides into two…

Q: Briefly discuss the important functions of apoptosis & autophagy?

A: Apoptosis is the programmed cell death occurring in multicellular organisms. Apoptosis is very…

Q: Discuss Regulation of cell cycletransitions.

A: The cell is the basic unit of life. The tissue is a group of cells that perform a specific function.…

Q: Name one characteristic observed in cells undergoing apoptosis

A: Apoptosis is a programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms which follows a…

Q: Describe how growth factors trigger cell division.

A: Growth factors are naturally occurring molecules that have an ability of stimulating wound healing,…

Q: The cell cycle is an internally regulated process and not affected by external signals. True or…

A: Cell cycle: The process of the cell cycle shows how the genetic material inside the cell is…

Q: Explain the relationship between the cell cycle andapoptosis

A: A biological cell is a hub of biochemical and metabolic activities. These cells have the ability to…

Q: How do cyclins and Cdk's drive progression through different phases of the cell cycle?

A: Every multicellular organism that is found on earth start their life as a single cell which is…

Q: Define stem cells, and describe their two key properties.

A: Stem cells are those cells that have the capability to differentiate into other types of cells and…

Q: Explain how cytoplasmic segregation and induction are able to influence cellular differentiation.

A: The fusion of male and female gametes leads to the formation of the zygote, which further divides…

Q: Describe what occurs in each step of the process ofphagocytosis.

A: The engulfing of food particle by an ameboid  cell is called as phagocytosis. There are four…

Q: How does p53 halt cell cycle progression when DNA damage is identified? p53 enhances expression of…

A: p53 protein is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of several genes which are…

Q: Do accumulated mutations in mitochondria result in altered rates of apoptosis with aging? please…

A: Introduction In this question we will explain whether the accumulated mutations in mitochondria…

Q: Define the role of p53 in the cell.

A: The p53 was identified by Arnold Levine, David Lane and William Old in 1979. It was believed to be…

Q: Explain why it is important for the body to regulate the cell cycle.

A: The cell cycle includes the events from the division of the daughter cell to the growth,…

Q: Explain how checkpoints help protect the cell against unregulated cell growth.

A: Cell cycle: A cell cycle is a process in which cells divide to form a number of identical daughter…

Q: Describe how tumor suppressors function to stop the cell cycle until certain events are completed

A: Normal genes that delay cell division, repair DNA errors, or tell cells when to die are known as…

Q: The frog Xenopus laevis has often served as a model system for the study of apoptosis. Can you think…

A: Apoptosis is also called as the programmed death of the cell which is controlled by the genetic…

Q: Explain magnetic activated cell sorting .

A: Magnetic activated cell sorting is a process that separate cells from complex mixtures  using…

Q: Define programmed cell death

A: Cell death occurs when a biological cell stops performing its functions. This may be the outcome of…

Q: Mark and label the locations of pluripotent stem cells, adult/tissue stem cells and somatic cells in…

A: In the diagram, a mammallian cell differentiation model is given. The mammalian cell differentiation…

Q: Briefly Mentionabout the important functions of apoptosis & autophagy.

A: Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death that consists of biochemical events resulting in…

Q: Describe the steps by which the TP53 gene responds to DNA damage and/or cellular stress to promote…

A: It codes for a protein or a functional product rRNA (ribosomal RNA) or tRNA (transfer RNA). DNA is…

Q: Explain the roles of cell signaling in DNA transcription and protein synthesis.

A: Introduction  Cell signalling is the mechanism through which cells react to information. Cell…

Q: Discuss the relationship between cell division and cancer.

A: Cells are referred to as the structural as well as functional unit of a living organism and it is…

Q: iPSCs are derived from differentiated cells that are further differentiated into a stem cell state.…

A: These are special cells that are able to develop into many different cell types.

Q: Explain in detail what is apoptosis and the molecules that bring about this process.

A: There are two forms of cell death : Programmed death of cells called Apoptosis. An uncontrolled…

Q: A cell begins to undergo apoptosis due to stress. Which of the following are true about this cell?…

A: Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death.

Q: Explain in detail (steps) how the intrinsic pathways initiates apoptosis.

A: Apoptosis is also known as programmed cell death, which allows multicellular organisms to break…

Q: Describe the relationship between cell cycle and link to cancer. Use the following terms in your…

A: The cell cycle is a flow of various events that consist of cell division and cell growth. This cycle…

Q: Normal p53 is a tumor suppressor gene, when mutated it loses this function. Explain how a tissue…

A: Cancer usually develops when a mutation in a gene results in the formation of a faulty protein that…

Q: Define axoplasm

A: The nervous system acts through nerve impulses along the axons of the neurons and neurotransmitters…

Oogenesis

The formation of the ovum (mature female gamete) from undifferentiated germ cells is called oogenesis. This process takes place in the ovaries (female gonads). Oogenesis consists of three stages known as the multiplication phase, growth phase, and maturation phase. 

Cell Division

Cell division involves the formation of new daughter cells from the parent cells. It is a part of the cell cycle that takes place in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Cell division is required for three main reasons: