Definition of terms about: Medical Waste Recyclable Material Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Plastic Pollution

Phlebotomy Essentials
6th Edition
ISBN:9781451194524
Author:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)
Publisher:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)
Chapter1: Phlebotomy: Past And Present And The Healthcare Setting
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Definition of terms about:


Medical Waste


Recyclable Material


Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome


Plastic Pollution

Background of the Study:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), also known as the Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic (Xie and Chen,
2020), is now regarded as one of the most serious worldwide threats. The Journal
of the American Medical Association examined data from ten prior research and
concluded that wearing a mask significantly lowers spread. They claim that
wearing a fabric mask can minimize the transmission of inhaled droplets from
infected wearers into the air by 50% to 70%.
However, little guidance has been supplied on how to safely dispose of or recycle
the masks. Every month, billions of masks are required around the world as countries
begin to ease lockdown restrictions. The majority of masks are made of long-lasting plastic
materials that, if thrown, can remain for decades to hundreds of years in the environment.
That is, they can be toxic to people and animals in the medium to long term, and they also
affect animals and plants. Plastic garbage, in reason of its sheer volume, has the potential
to suffocate places and disrupt ecosystems. Some animals are also unable to distinguish
between plastic items and their prey, resulting in them choking on garbage. Even if the
animals do not choke, they can become malnourished since the materials fill their
stomachs but do not provide nutrients. Smaller animals may become entangled in the
elastic within the masks or gloves when they break apart.
In the Philippines, "if every Filipino uses a disposable face mask every day, that's
100 million a day, or 3 billion a month," said Ramon San Pascual, executive director of
Healthcare Without Harm Southeast Asia, in an interview with Rappler Talk. Pascual
lamented that most medical waste would not be recycled or treated properly, but would
instead "end up in our rivers and, eventually, our oceans." People have used and discarded
129 billion face masks worldwide. According to environmentalists, this is a possible
environmental hazard that could become the next plastic problem.
. Many people use surgical masks, most likely because they are lightweight and
inexpensive, and experts believe they are the most effective in avoiding virus spread. The
widespread usage and improper disposal of these single-use masks comprised of non-
renewable and non-biodegradable polymers, on the other hand, also had a negative
impact on the environment.
"We believe biodegradable masks are the solution to this problem," said Sung
Yeon Hwang, professor at the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology's
Research Center for Bio - based Chemistry (KRICT). Yiqi Yang, a textile scientist at the
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, has developed a way to produce fabric out of corn husk
fibers, a use for the crop by product that could become widespread in the near future.
Corn husk fabric is not inferior to other fabrics and has qualities similar to both cotton and
linen. "It's a lot more comfortable than synthetics like polyester," Yang says. Farmers would
gain greatly from this product, he claims, and there is already a lot of interest in the corn
just fabric. The researchers chose to carry out the study in order to assist reduce the
Transcribed Image Text:Background of the Study: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), also known as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic (Xie and Chen, 2020), is now regarded as one of the most serious worldwide threats. The Journal of the American Medical Association examined data from ten prior research and concluded that wearing a mask significantly lowers spread. They claim that wearing a fabric mask can minimize the transmission of inhaled droplets from infected wearers into the air by 50% to 70%. However, little guidance has been supplied on how to safely dispose of or recycle the masks. Every month, billions of masks are required around the world as countries begin to ease lockdown restrictions. The majority of masks are made of long-lasting plastic materials that, if thrown, can remain for decades to hundreds of years in the environment. That is, they can be toxic to people and animals in the medium to long term, and they also affect animals and plants. Plastic garbage, in reason of its sheer volume, has the potential to suffocate places and disrupt ecosystems. Some animals are also unable to distinguish between plastic items and their prey, resulting in them choking on garbage. Even if the animals do not choke, they can become malnourished since the materials fill their stomachs but do not provide nutrients. Smaller animals may become entangled in the elastic within the masks or gloves when they break apart. In the Philippines, "if every Filipino uses a disposable face mask every day, that's 100 million a day, or 3 billion a month," said Ramon San Pascual, executive director of Healthcare Without Harm Southeast Asia, in an interview with Rappler Talk. Pascual lamented that most medical waste would not be recycled or treated properly, but would instead "end up in our rivers and, eventually, our oceans." People have used and discarded 129 billion face masks worldwide. According to environmentalists, this is a possible environmental hazard that could become the next plastic problem. . Many people use surgical masks, most likely because they are lightweight and inexpensive, and experts believe they are the most effective in avoiding virus spread. The widespread usage and improper disposal of these single-use masks comprised of non- renewable and non-biodegradable polymers, on the other hand, also had a negative impact on the environment. "We believe biodegradable masks are the solution to this problem," said Sung Yeon Hwang, professor at the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology's Research Center for Bio - based Chemistry (KRICT). Yiqi Yang, a textile scientist at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, has developed a way to produce fabric out of corn husk fibers, a use for the crop by product that could become widespread in the near future. Corn husk fabric is not inferior to other fabrics and has qualities similar to both cotton and linen. "It's a lot more comfortable than synthetics like polyester," Yang says. Farmers would gain greatly from this product, he claims, and there is already a lot of interest in the corn just fabric. The researchers chose to carry out the study in order to assist reduce the
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