Deep mixing is a ground improvement method developed for soft soils like clay, silt, and peat. Swedish civil engineers investigated the properties of soil improved by deep mixing with lime-cement columns in the journal Giorisk (Vol. 7, 2013). The mixed soil was tested by advancing a cylindrical rod with a cone tip down into the soil. During penetration, the cone penetrometer measures the cone tip resistance (megapascals, MPa). The researchers established that tip resistance for the deep mixed soil followed a normal distribution with u =2.2 MPa and o = 0.9 MPa. Complete parts a through c below. a. Find the probability that the tip resistance will fall between 1.5 and 3.9 MPa. The probability is . (Round to four decimal places as needed.)

An engineer wants to compare the tensile strengths of steel bars that are produced using a conventional method and an experimental method. (The tensile strength of a metal is a measure of its ability to resist tearing when pulled lengthwise.) To do so, the engineer randomly selecto

A specimen of connective tissue (collagen) can be obtained from a beef steak. The temperature at which the collagen shrinks can be determined. A tender piece of meat tends to have a low collagen shrinkage temperature. So, the lower shrinkage temperature, the more tender the meat.It is believed that electrical stimulation of a beef carcass could improve the tenderness of the meat. In one study of this effect, beef carcasses were split in half; one side (half) was subjected to a brief electrical current and the other side was an untreated control. For each side, a steak was cut and tested in various ways for tenderness. In one test, the experimenter obtained a specimen of the connective collagen tissue from the steak and determined the temperature at which the tissue would shrink. The experimenter wishes to prove that electrical stimulation tends to improve the tenderness of the meat. The raw data are found in the table below. Let ? = 0.01. Table 1: Collagen Shrinkage Temperature…

A student is concerned with the amount of air pollution students are exposed to in the school's parking lot after school. The student conducts an investigation to compare the quantity of particulate matter released from the diesel-powered buses, natural gas-powered buses, and the large and small cars as they idle waiting to pick up students. To make measurements, a small piece of white fabric is used to collect particulate matter from the tailpipe of each vehicle as it idles for five minutes. Each piece of fabric is then analyzed to measure the amount of particulate matter it collected. (i) Identify the independent variable in the investigation. (j) Identify one variable that was not mentioned in the description that could affect the results of the investigation. (k) Describe a realistic alternate sampling method to collect particulate matter from the vehicles in the investigation. (1) The student wants to ensure that the results are reliable. Explain how the student could modify the…

Q2 A/ State the main field tests which may be carried out to investigate shear strength of a soil layer? B/ What are the main factors that affecting the spacing and number of boreholes for a given project? C/ Illustrate the causes of disturbance of Shelby tubes samples.

Some shrubs have the useful ability to resprout from their roots after their tops are destroyed. Fire is a particular threat to shrubs in dry climates, as it can injure the roots as well as destroy the aboveground material. One study of resprouting took place in a dry area of Mexico. The investigation clipped the tops of samples of several species of shrubs. In some cases, they also applied a propane torch to the stumps to simulate a fire. Of 17 specimens of a particular species, 6 resprouted after fire. Estimate with 95% confidence the proportion of all shrubs of this species that will resprout after fire.Interval:

As an industrial engineer is working a test of material used to on a certain product to determine whether it is more economical to repair a damaged area rather than replace the entire structure. The engineer obtained the following data on the bond length (x variable) vs. the rupture load (y variable) Bond Length (mm) Rupture Load (N) 50                                17,052 50                                14,063 80                                26,264 80                                19,600 110                                21,952 110                                26,362 140                                26,362 140                                26,754 170                                31,654 170                                32,928 Find the 95% Confidence Interval for the conditional mean of the response variable at x = 140

Recently there has been increased use of stainless  steel claddings in industrial settings. Claddings  are used to finish the exterior walls of a building  and help weatherproof the structure. To ensure  the quality of claddings, it is essential to know how  welding parameters impact the cladding process.  The authors of “Mathematical Modeling of Weld  Bead Geometry, Quality, and Productivity for  Stainless Steel Claddings Deposited by FCAW”  (J. Mater. Engr. Perform., 2012: 1862–1872) in  vestigated how y 5 deposition rate was influenced  by x1 = feed rate (Wf , in m/min) and x2 =  welding speed (S, in cm/min). The following 22  observations correspond to the experiment condition where applied voltage was less than 30v:  y: 2.718 3.881 2.773 3.924 2.740 3.870  x1 : 17.0 10.0 7.0 10.0 7.0 10.0  x 2 : 30 30 50 50 30 30  y: 2.847 3.901 2.204 4.454 3.324 3.319  x1 : 7.0 10.0 5.5 11.5 8.5 8.5  x2 : 50 50 40 40 40 20  The whole data and Question parts are attached

A consumer agency is investigating the blowout pressures of Soap Stone tires. A Soap Stone tire is said to blow out when it separates from the wheel rim due to impact forces usually caused by hitting a rock or a pothole in the road. A random sample of 28 Soap Stone tires were inflated to the recommended pressure, and then forces measured in foot-pounds were applied to each tire (1 foot-pound is the force of 1 pound dropped from a height of 1 foot). The customer complaint is that some Soap Stone tires blow out under small-impact forces, while other tires seem to be well made and don't have this fault. For the 28 test tires, the sample standard deviation of blowout forces was 1358 foot-pounds. Soap Stone claims its tires will blow out at an average pressure of 24,000 foot-pounds, with a standard deviation of 1020 foot-pounds. The average blowout force is not in question, but the variability of blowout forces is in question. Using a 0.01 level of significance, test the claim that the…

the soil biogeochemistry in Californian salt marshes wished to explore how two of the most common plant species, pickleweed and pacific cordgrass, affected the accumulation of nitrogen in the soil. They measured the concentration of ammonium, a molecular form of organic nitrogen, in the soil, and measured or manipulated the density of pickleweed and cordgrass. Manipulations of ½ meter square plots (20 plots per manipulation) included removing all cordgrass (cordgrass removal), removing all pickleweed (pickleweed removal), or mixed (the control - nothing removed, thus mixed plots included a mixture of natural pickleweed and cordgrass). Boxplots of ammonium concentrations in each of the three manipulation treatments. Letters indicate differences among means as determined by a Tukey posthoc test following ANOVA. (b) Overall relationship between cordgrass stem density and soil ammonium content (includes data from all plot treatments). The solid black line and the gray shading represent the…