Decide whether each statement is true or false. If it is true, justify your answer. If it is not true, give a counterexample. All parts refer to languages over {0,1}. a. If L1 ⊆ L2, and L1 cannot be recognized by a FSA, then L2 cannot. b. If L1 ⊆ L2, and L2 cannot be recognized by a FSA, then L1 cannot. c. If L1 cannot be recognized by a FSA, then L1c cannot. Note: L1c is the complement of L1. d. If neither L1 nor L2 can be recognized by a FSA, then L1 ∪ L2 cannot. e. If neither L1 nor ?2 can be recognized by a FSA, then L1 ∩ L2 cannot.

Q: Assumptions . • Grammar G = (V,T, S, P) where .. •V = {S, A, B} is the set of variables •T = {a,…

A: here we have the conversion of given CFG to CNF, you can the answer in step 2.

Q: Match the structures below with the kinds of languages that they are able to recognize. Not all…

A: In the Theory of computation, lots of languages are available there are various types, and it is…

Q: 3. Prove that the following grammar is ambiguous by drawing two different parse trees of the same…

A: Answer: Let the word is "aaabb"

Q: Q. The formal description of a NFA (Nondeterministic finite automaton) is: ({qı, q2}, {0,1}, 8, qı,…

A: Regular expressions are patterns used to match character combinations in strings. A regular…

Q: Answer the following questions about the given statement: ∀t : Trainer • ∃c : course • (t,c) ∈…

A: What does this statement mean? The expression "∀t : Trainer • ∃c : course • (t,c) ∈ Teaches" is a…

Q: For each statement below, decide whether it is true or false. If it is true, justify your answer. If…

A: Formal Language Theory studies the properties and relationships of languages defined over a given…

Q: Question 3. Consider the language L = {w€ {0, 1}* | the strings 01 and 10 occur the same number of…

A: Given language is, L={w ∈{0,1}* | the strings 01 and 10 occur same number of times in w} Pumping…

Q: a, b b 1 2 3 (а)

A: We take string: aabaab Below we give explanation:

Q: Exercise 2 In Hungarian, word order determines scope. Both of the following sentences (which differ…

A: To derive the two translations using Quantifier Raising (QR), we need to start with a structure…

Q: (I) State the pumping lemma with all its conditions and indicate how you go abou proving that a…

A: the pumping lemma with all its conditions and indicate  you go about proving that a language is not…

Q: a. Explain, i.e., describe, what is the language recognized by M.. (Aim for a description that…

A: The triangle symbol represents initial state, single circle represents intermediate states, the…

Q: Draw a deterministic FSM that recognizes strings of 1’s and 0’s specified by each of the following…

A: In (a) String of three characters ,101 (b) All strings of arbitrary length that end in 101 .(Example…

Q: Give a decision procedure for each of the following problems; argue that your procedure is correct:…

A: Below i have analysed both the question and provided answer with reason:

Q: escribe the same class of lang is closed under union.

A: The first three questions will be answered only. a) Every regular language is said to be a…

Q: Given an alphabet E, the language of all strings that can be made using symbols in E is called E.…

A: ANSWER 1: True Explanation: Alphabets (∑) are a bunch of images, which are finite all the time.…

Q: Question 38 The correct statements are: If If If If Ø, then Σ* has a subset that is not regular. Ø,…

A: The correct statements are:If Σ≠Φ, then Σ* has a subset that is not regular.If Σ≠ Φ, then Σ* has a…

Q: Solve whether that the following languages on Σ = {a, b, c} are not context-free. (a) L = {anb j : n…

A: a)

Q: Please dont copy or use chegg answeres. Please! Also explain Let Σ = {a, b, c} and define the…

A: Let Σ = {a, b, c} L1 = {, aa, ab, ca, bab, bba, ccc} L2 = {a, c, ca, ccc} L3 = {c, ba, bab, bba,…

Q: Prove or Disprove: 1. Suppose L₁, L2₂ C {0,1}* are NL-Complete languages. Then L₁ 2. Suppose L₁, L2…

A: “Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: 2. LinL,, (L1n L2)*

A: second question's solution for L1* ∩ L2*  and (L1 ∩ L2)* is shown in step 2.

Q: QUESTION 8. rules: = ({S, A}, {0, 1, 2}, P, S) be a CFG, where P IT: Let G= S→SSS|0A0|1A1|2A2 A…

A: SOLUTION -S4 -> S2|S3S2 -> SSS3 -> SSSS -> SSS|0A0|1A1|2A2A -> 0A1A2|…

Q: Show, formally in terms of DFAs, that if L0 is a regular language (has a DFA) and L1 is a regular…

A: So DFA stands for Deterministic Finite Automata .It can determine the state to which the machine…

Q: D = {xcy | x, y = {a,b}* }

A: Conjecture: The language D = {xcy | x, y ∈ {a, b}*} is a regular language.

Q: State whether the following claim is true or false and prove your answer. Claim: For any…

A: For any non-empty alphabet, the claim in question discusses the existence of a language that is both…

Q: 7.When a computer is offered for sale, one of itsadvertised characteristics is something such as“2.9…

A: Introduction Clock Speed: The clock speed, measured in GHz, shows how many cycles your CPU performs…

Q: The correct statements are: P versus NP is one of the seven million-dollar Millennium Problems. | If…

A: The P versus NP problem is a Millennium Prize math challenge. While widely believed that P (problems…

Bare bones programming language

Bare bones programming language is a low-level programming language that gives a detailed stepwise description of a program. It has a tight program design and in-depth understanding of the toolchain. It is based on the target environment and is used for safe coding practices. C programming language is a type of bare bones programming language.