Data Sheet: E5a: Resistivity of Different Materials NAME: DATE: Table 1 - Resistance vs Length Diameter of wire: 0.001292m Cross Sectional Area of wire: Length Voltage Current Resistance (m) (V) (A) 0.240 0.0147 1.10209 0.220 0.0135 1.10150 0.200 0.0126 1.10184 0.180 0.0112 1.10342 0.160 0.0100 1.10441 0.140 0.0087 1.10326 0.120 0.0073 1.10074 0.100 0.0061 1.10303 0.080 0.0051 1.10109 0.060 0.0037 1.10146 0.040 0.0029 1.10336 0.020 0.0016 1.10379 Slope of graph Resistance vs Length Caleulated Resistivity from slope_ Theoretical Resistivity Percent Error.

College Physics
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ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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Discussion:
Ohm's Law describes the relationship between the resistance (R) of a wire, the roltage drop across it (V), and current
through it (D):
V = RI
(1)
Applying a known current to a wire and measuring the voltage across it will lt you determine the resistance of the
wire by solving equation 1:
R =,
(2)
The resistance of a partieular element depends on its geometry, the resistivity and the temperature. Resistivity is the
tendency of the material to behave as a resistor and is an inherent property of a material, in the same sense that density or
thermal expansion are inherent properties. Materials with lower resistivity, like copper, are good conductors of electricity
and widely used in eireuit components while those with larger resistivity, like rubber, are used as insulators.
For a wire with length (L), cross-sectional area (A), and made from a material with resistiity (p) the resistance (R)
will be given by the following equation:
R= L
(3)
In case that the geometry (length and cross sectional area) and the resistance of the wire is known, then is possible to
calculate the resistivity solving equation 3:
RA
(4)
A wire can be consider as a long eylinder; then the cross sectional area would have a circular shape as shown in
Figure 2.
Cross Sectional
Area
l
Length
Figure 2
Then the cross sectional area of the wire can be caleulated using the equation of the area of a cirele:
A = mr?
(5)
In this experiment, you will measure V and I to determine R for various lengths of wire. You will then make a graph
of Resistance (Y-axis) versus length (X-axis). The plot will result in a straight line that has a slope equal to
slope =
(6)
From equation 6, it is possible to solve the resistivity in terms of the slope and the cross sectional area:
p = elope • A
(7)
The manufacture values of the resistivity corresponding to the wires used in the experiment are reported in Table 1.
These values will be used as the theoretical when caleulating percent error.
Table 1. Theoretical resistivity of different materials according to manufacturer.
Material
Brass
Attracted
to Magnet
Diameter (m)
Resistivity (Qm)
Color
Yellow
No
0.000508
7.0 x10
0.000813
0.001016
0.001270
0.001016
Copper
Nichrome
1.8 x10
105 x10
Red
No
Dark Gray No
Dark Gray Yes
0.001016
Stainless
0.001016
79 x10
Steel
Transcribed Image Text:Discussion: Ohm's Law describes the relationship between the resistance (R) of a wire, the roltage drop across it (V), and current through it (D): V = RI (1) Applying a known current to a wire and measuring the voltage across it will lt you determine the resistance of the wire by solving equation 1: R =, (2) The resistance of a partieular element depends on its geometry, the resistivity and the temperature. Resistivity is the tendency of the material to behave as a resistor and is an inherent property of a material, in the same sense that density or thermal expansion are inherent properties. Materials with lower resistivity, like copper, are good conductors of electricity and widely used in eireuit components while those with larger resistivity, like rubber, are used as insulators. For a wire with length (L), cross-sectional area (A), and made from a material with resistiity (p) the resistance (R) will be given by the following equation: R= L (3) In case that the geometry (length and cross sectional area) and the resistance of the wire is known, then is possible to calculate the resistivity solving equation 3: RA (4) A wire can be consider as a long eylinder; then the cross sectional area would have a circular shape as shown in Figure 2. Cross Sectional Area l Length Figure 2 Then the cross sectional area of the wire can be caleulated using the equation of the area of a cirele: A = mr? (5) In this experiment, you will measure V and I to determine R for various lengths of wire. You will then make a graph of Resistance (Y-axis) versus length (X-axis). The plot will result in a straight line that has a slope equal to slope = (6) From equation 6, it is possible to solve the resistivity in terms of the slope and the cross sectional area: p = elope • A (7) The manufacture values of the resistivity corresponding to the wires used in the experiment are reported in Table 1. These values will be used as the theoretical when caleulating percent error. Table 1. Theoretical resistivity of different materials according to manufacturer. Material Brass Attracted to Magnet Diameter (m) Resistivity (Qm) Color Yellow No 0.000508 7.0 x10 0.000813 0.001016 0.001270 0.001016 Copper Nichrome 1.8 x10 105 x10 Red No Dark Gray No Dark Gray Yes 0.001016 Stainless 0.001016 79 x10 Steel
Data Sheet: E5a: Resistivity of Different Materials
NAME:
DATE:
Table 1 - Resistance vs Length
Diameter of wire: 0.001292m
Cross Sectional Area of wire:,
Length
Voltage
(V)
Current
Resistance
(m)
(A)
( )
0.240
0.0147
1.10209
0.220
0.0135
1.10150
0.200
0.0126
1.10184
0.180
0.0112
1.10342
0.160
0.0100
1.10441
0.140
0.0087
1.10326
0.120
0.0073
1.10074
0.100
0.0061
1.10303
0.080
0.0051
1.10109
0.060
0.0037
1.10146
0.040
0.0029
1.10336
0.020
0.0016
1.10379
Slope of graph Resistance vs Length:
Caleulated Resistivity from slope:_
Theoretical Resistivity-
Percent Error:
Transcribed Image Text:Data Sheet: E5a: Resistivity of Different Materials NAME: DATE: Table 1 - Resistance vs Length Diameter of wire: 0.001292m Cross Sectional Area of wire:, Length Voltage (V) Current Resistance (m) (A) ( ) 0.240 0.0147 1.10209 0.220 0.0135 1.10150 0.200 0.0126 1.10184 0.180 0.0112 1.10342 0.160 0.0100 1.10441 0.140 0.0087 1.10326 0.120 0.0073 1.10074 0.100 0.0061 1.10303 0.080 0.0051 1.10109 0.060 0.0037 1.10146 0.040 0.0029 1.10336 0.020 0.0016 1.10379 Slope of graph Resistance vs Length: Caleulated Resistivity from slope:_ Theoretical Resistivity- Percent Error:
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